A postoperative client has a prescription for ketorolac 30mg IV q6h. Which response demonstrates that therapeutic levels of the medication have been achieved?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct response is to perform a pain assessment using a numeric scale. Ketorolac is an NSAID prescribed for pain relief. Monitoring pain levels is crucial to evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness of the medication. Pain assessment helps determine if the medication is providing adequate pain relief, indicating that therapeutic levels have been achieved.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse should instruct the female client undergoing chemotherapy to take option D, which is Acetaminophen and diphenhydramine 2 capsules at bedtime. This combination medication is commonly used for managing insomnia, which is the client's primary concern. Acetaminophen helps with mild pain relief, and diphenhydramine is an antihistamine that induces drowsiness, aiding in sleep initiation. Option A (Ondansetron) is an antiemetic used to control nausea and vomiting, not for sleep. Option B (Lorazepam) is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety and insomnia but may not be the best choice due to potential interactions with chemotherapy drugs. Option C (Oxycodone, acetylsalicylic acid) is for pain management, not sleep. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of considering the holistic needs of patients undergoing chemotherapy and the appropriate selection of medications to address specific symptoms while considering potential drug interactions and side effects. It underscores the importance of thorough assessment and individualized care in pharmacological interventions.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In pharmacology, assessing the patient's vital signs is crucial before administering medications to ensure patient safety. Option D, "Apical pulse rate of 50 beats/minute," requires nursing intervention prior to medication administration because it falls below the normal range (60-100 beats/minute). A low heart rate can indicate bradycardia, which may affect the cardiac output and the ability of the heart to effectively circulate medications throughout the body. Nursing intervention is necessary to evaluate the patient's condition further and determine if the medication can be safely administered. Option A, "Apical pulse heard best at the pulmonic site," is incorrect because the site where the apical pulse is heard best does not necessarily require immediate nursing intervention before medication administration. Option B, "Irregular apical pulse rhythm," while concerning, may not always require immediate intervention unless it is indicative of a serious arrhythmia that could be exacerbated by the medication to be administered. Option C, "Presence of a systolic heart murmur," may not directly impact medication administration unless it is associated with specific contraindications for the medication being administered. Educationally, understanding the importance of assessing vital signs, especially the heart rate, before medication administration is essential for nursing practice. Nurses must recognize abnormal findings that could affect medication effectiveness or pose risks to the patient's safety. Regular assessment and prompt intervention based on assessment findings are critical components of safe medication administration practices.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is to wait 2 hours after meals before taking the iron tablet. This is important to ensure better absorption and efficacy of the iron supplement. Taking the tablet with a daily multivitamin (Choice A) may interfere with iron absorption due to interactions with other minerals. Crushing the tablet and mixing it with pudding (Choice B) can alter the effectiveness of the medication. While bedtime (Choice C) may be convenient, waiting after meals is crucial for optimal iron absorption.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) Epigastric pain unrelieved by antacids. This is a serious condition that requires prompt attention because it could indicate a potential stomach ulcer or gastritis, both of which can lead to serious complications if left untreated. Epigastric pain that persists despite antacid use may be a sign of a more serious underlying issue that needs immediate medical evaluation and intervention. Option A) Contact lens irritation is incorrect because while uncomfortable, it is not a serious condition that requires immediate attention. Option B) Decreased sex drive is also incorrect as it is not typically associated with conjunctivitis and does not require urgent medical attention. Option C) Brown spots on the skin, while potentially concerning, are not directly related to conjunctivitis and do not signify an urgent medical issue. In an educational context, it is crucial for healthcare professionals to be able to recognize symptoms that indicate serious complications or conditions that require immediate attention. By understanding the significance of symptoms like epigastric pain unrelieved by antacids, healthcare providers can ensure timely and appropriate care for their patients, potentially preventing serious consequences.