HESI LPN
Pediatric Practice Exam HESI Questions
Question 1 of 5
A parent asks a nurse how to tell the difference between measles (rubeola) and German measles (rubella). What should the nurse tell the parent about rubeola that is different from rubella?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rubeola (measles) is characterized by a high fever and the presence of Koplik spots, which are not seen in rubella (German measles). Therefore, the correct answer is A. Choice B, rash on the trunk with pruritus, is more indicative of rubella rather than rubeola. Choice C, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal cramps, are not specific differentiating symptoms between rubeola and rubella. Choice D, characteristics of a cold followed by a rash, does not specifically distinguish between rubeola and rubella.
Question 2 of 5
A child with diabetes insipidus is being treated with vasopressin. The nurse would assess the child closely for signs and symptoms of which condition?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Vasopressin is a medication used to treat diabetes insipidus by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys. However, an excessive dose of vasopressin can lead to water retention, causing SIADH, which is characterized by dilutional hyponatremia. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Thyroid storm is a severe form of hyperthyroidism characterized by increased metabolism and can lead to life-threatening complications. Cushing syndrome results from excess cortisol production and is characterized by weight gain, hypertension, and other features. Vitamin D toxicity occurs due to an overdose of vitamin D, leading to hypercalcemia and symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and weakness.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a 1-month-old girl with low-set ears and severe hypotonia who was diagnosed with trisomy 18. Which nursing diagnosis would the nurse identify as most likely?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct nursing diagnosis would be 'Grieving related to the child's poor prognosis.' Trisomy 18 is associated with a poor prognosis, and families often experience feelings of grief and loss when dealing with such a diagnosis. The choice 'Interrupted family process' does not directly address the emotional response to the prognosis. 'Deficient knowledge' may be a concern but does not address the emotional aspect of dealing with a poor prognosis. 'Ineffective coping related to stress from providing care' focuses more on the caregiver's ability to cope rather than the family's response to the child's condition.
Question 4 of 5
During a vaccination drive at a well-child clinic, a nurse observes that a recently hired nurse is not wearing gloves. What should the nurse advise the newly hired nurse to do?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Put on gloves because standard precautions are required. Standard precautions, which include wearing gloves, are crucial in preventing the transmission of infections during immunization. Choice A is incorrect because the immediate action should be to address the lack of gloves. Choice C is incorrect as gloves are necessary for infection control. Choice D is incorrect as gloves should be worn as a standard preventive measure, regardless of the child's appearance.
Question 5 of 5
Where should the child admitted with injuries that may be related to abuse be placed?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is to place the child in a room near the nurses' desk. This placement allows for close monitoring of the child's condition and facilitates quick intervention if necessary. Placing the child in a private room (Choice A) may not provide the necessary level of oversight in cases of suspected abuse. Additionally, placing the child with an older, friendly child (Choice B) or a child of the same age (Choice C) may not be appropriate due to the need for careful monitoring and protection in cases of potential abuse.