A healthcare provider is teaching a prenatal class about immunizations that newborns receive following birth. Which of the following immunizations should the provider include in the teaching?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is Hepatitis B. Newborns receive the Hepatitis B vaccine shortly after birth to provide protection against the virus. Rotavirus, Pneumococcal, and Varicella vaccines are typically administered at later stages of infancy or childhood, not immediately after birth. Rotavirus vaccine helps prevent severe diarrhea, Pneumococcal vaccine protects against infections like pneumonia and meningitis, and Varicella vaccine prevents chickenpox. However, these vaccines are not part of the routine immunizations given to newborns immediately after birth.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: TRUE. Duchenne muscular dystrophy is an X-linked recessive disorder, primarily affecting males. This is due to the inheritance of the mutated gene on the X chromosome. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because Duchenne muscular dystrophy is specifically classified as a sex-linked disorder affecting males due to the inheritance pattern.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B - FALSE. Genotypes are solely based on genetic information and do not reflect environmental influences. Phenotypes, on the other hand, result from the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because genotypes are not influenced by environmental factors, and they are determined by an individual's genetic makeup.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Mothers usually feel the first fetal movements, known as 'quickening,' around the 18th to 20th week of pregnancy. Feeling fetal movements during the first month is unlikely and uncommon. Therefore, option B is incorrect. Options C and D are also incorrect as mothers typically do feel fetal movements during pregnancy, just not during the first month.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse should assess the client with hyperemesis gravidarum and a sodium level of 110 mEq/L first. Hyperemesis gravidarum is a severe form of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy that can lead to electrolyte imbalances like hyponatremia. A sodium level of 110 mEq/L is critically low and poses a serious risk of complications such as seizures and cardiac arrhythmias. The other options present important conditions but are not as immediately life-threatening as severe hyponatremia. A client with diabetes mellitus and an HbA1c of 5.8% may require monitoring and management, but it is not an acute issue. Preeclampsia with a creatinine level of 1.1 mg/dL is concerning for kidney function, but it is not as urgent as correcting severe electrolyte imbalances. Placenta previa with a hematocrit of 36% indicates possible bleeding concerns, but it is not as critical as addressing a dangerously low sodium level. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of prioritizing care based on the urgency of the client's condition. It emphasizes the need for nurses to recognize critical lab values and act promptly to prevent adverse outcomes in maternal-newborn care. Understanding the significance of electrolyte imbalances in pregnancy complications is crucial for providing safe and effective nursing care.