HESI LPN
Pediatric HESI 2024 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A healthcare professional is assessing a child with suspected rotavirus infection. What clinical manifestation is the healthcare professional likely to observe?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Diarrhea. Rotavirus infection commonly presents with symptoms such as watery diarrhea, fever, vomiting, and abdominal pain. However, diarrhea is the hallmark symptom of rotavirus infection, often leading to dehydration in children. Abdominal pain (choice A) can also be present but is not as specific to rotavirus infection as diarrhea. Constipation (choice C) is not a typical symptom of rotavirus infection. While vomiting (choice D) can occur in rotavirus infection, it is more commonly associated with other gastrointestinal conditions.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is developing a teaching plan for an 8-year-old child who has recently been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. What developmental characteristic of a child this age should the nurse consider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. At the age of 8, children are typically in the stage of industry vs. inferiority according to Erikson's psychosocial theory. This stage is characterized by a desire to engage in productive activities and take on responsibilities. Thus, the child will likely welcome opportunities for participation in self-care related to their diabetes management. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Choice A is inaccurate as children at this age are usually in the concrete operational stage of cognitive development, not abstract. Choice B is incorrect because while peer influence is significant, it has not reached its peak at this age. Choice D is wrong as achieving a sense of identity is a developmental task more commonly associated with adolescence, not 8-year-old children.
Question 3 of 5
Based on developmental norms for a 5-year-old child, at what apical pulse did the nurse decide to withhold a scheduled dose of digoxin (Lanoxin) elixir and notify the health care provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: For a 5-year-old child, an apical pulse below 90 beats/min is a reason to withhold digoxin. Digoxin is a medication commonly used to treat heart conditions, and its administration is based on heart rate parameters. A pulse rate below 90 beats/min indicates bradycardia. In pediatric patients, bradycardia below this threshold may be a sign of toxicity or potential adverse effects of digoxin, necessitating withholding the medication and informing the healthcare provider. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they represent pulse rates above the threshold for withholding digoxin in a 5-year-old child.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is assisting low-income families to access health care. The nurse is aware that, in today's society, this most accurately defines the diversity of a modern family.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B) A family is whatever the child and family say it is. This option aligns with the modern understanding of family diversity, which recognizes that families come in various forms beyond traditional definitions. In pediatric healthcare, it is crucial to acknowledge and respect the diverse compositions of families to provide inclusive and effective care. Option A is incorrect because it is limited to a nuclear family structure, which does not encompass the full range of family dynamics present in society today. Option C is also incorrect as it defines family solely based on cohabitation without considering emotional bonds or legal relationships. Option D is inaccurate as it focuses only on genetic relationships, disregarding the importance of chosen or extended family members. In an educational context, understanding diverse family structures is essential for pediatric healthcare providers to deliver culturally competent care and support the well-being of children from all backgrounds. By recognizing and validating each family's unique composition and dynamics, nurses can build trust, enhance communication, and promote positive health outcomes for children.
Question 5 of 5
What should be the focus of nursing activity for the mother of an 8-year-old girl with a broken arm, who is the nurturer in the family?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Teaching proper care procedures. In this scenario, focusing on teaching the mother proper care procedures is crucial as she is the nurturer in the family and will likely be the primary caregiver for the child. This will empower her to provide appropriate care and support for her daughter during the recovery process. Choices B, C, and D are not the most appropriate activities for the mother in this situation. Dealing with insurance coverage, determining treatment success, and transmitting information to family members are important but not as directly relevant to the immediate care needs of the child's broken arm.