A client with hypertension is prescribed lisinopril. The nurse should monitor for which potential side effect?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dry cough. Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, is known to cause a persistent dry cough as a common side effect. Monitoring for this adverse effect is crucial because it may lead to non-adherence to the medication. Hyperkalemia (choice B) is a potential side effect of potassium-sparing diuretics, not ACE inhibitors like lisinopril. Hypernatremia (choice C) refers to elevated sodium levels and is not a common side effect of lisinopril. Hyponatremia (choice D) is a condition characterized by low sodium levels and is not a typical side effect of lisinopril. Therefore, the nurse should focus on assessing the client for a dry cough when taking lisinopril.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this case, the correct answer is A) Agranulocytosis. Carbamazepine is an anticonvulsant medication commonly used to treat bipolar disorder. Agranulocytosis is a serious adverse effect characterized by a significant decrease in white blood cells, specifically granulocytes, which are important for fighting infections. Monitoring for signs of infection, such as fever, sore throat, and malaise, is crucial when a client is taking carbamazepine. Option B) Hair loss is not typically associated with carbamazepine use and is therefore an incorrect choice. Option C) Liver toxicity is a potential adverse effect of carbamazepine, but agranulocytosis is a more specific and serious concern that requires closer monitoring. Option D) Weight gain is not a common adverse effect of carbamazepine and is not a primary concern when monitoring a client taking this medication. Educationally, understanding the potential adverse effects of medications used in treating bipolar disorder is essential for nurses in providing safe and effective care. Recognizing and monitoring for these adverse effects can help prevent serious complications and improve patient outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option A) Constipation. Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker commonly used to manage atrial fibrillation. Constipation is a potential side effect of verapamil due to its mechanism of action in slowing down gut motility. Option B) Diarrhea is incorrect because verapamil typically causes constipation rather than diarrhea. Option C) Headache is less likely to be associated with verapamil use compared to constipation. Option D) Hypotension is a common side effect of calcium channel blockers like verapamil, but in this case, constipation is the more specific side effect to monitor for. Educationally, understanding the side effects of medications is crucial for nurses to provide safe and effective care. Monitoring for potential side effects ensures early detection and intervention, thus preventing complications for the patient. This question highlights the importance of pharmacological knowledge and the need for vigilant assessment in clinical practice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Weight gain. When a client is prescribed lurasidone, monitoring for weight gain is essential as lurasidone can cause this side effect. Patients on lurasidone should have their weight monitored regularly to detect any changes that may occur. Options B, C, and D are not typically associated with lurasidone use, making them less likely to be a direct side effect of this medication.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Diarrhea. Sucroferric oxyhydroxide is a phosphate binder commonly prescribed to patients with chronic kidney disease to help control their phosphate levels. One of the common side effects of this medication is diarrhea. To understand why the other options are incorrect: - Option B) Constipation is less likely because phosphate binders like sucroferric oxyhydroxide typically lead to loose stools or diarrhea rather than constipation. - Option C) Nausea is a possible side effect of sucroferric oxyhydroxide, but diarrhea is a more common adverse effect. - Option D) Hyperphosphatemia is the condition that sucroferric oxyhydroxide is used to treat, not a side effect of the medication itself. Educational Context: Understanding the side effects of medications is crucial for nurses caring for patients with chronic kidney disease or other conditions requiring complex medication regimens. Monitoring for potential side effects allows for early intervention and improved patient outcomes. Nurses must be knowledgeable about the medications their patients are taking to provide safe and effective care.