HESI LPN
Pharmacology HESI 55 Questions 2023 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with diabetes mellitus type 2 is prescribed dapagliflozin. The nurse should monitor for which potential adverse effect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Dapagliflozin, a medication used in diabetes mellitus type 2, is associated with an increased risk of genital infections. This risk is due to its mechanism of action that involves promoting the excretion of glucose through the urine, creating a favorable environment for microbial growth in the genital area. Therefore, monitoring for genital infections is essential when a client is prescribed dapagliflozin.
Question 2 of 5
A client with a history of deep vein thrombosis is prescribed edoxaban. The nurse should monitor for which potential adverse effect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased risk of bleeding. Edoxaban is an anticoagulant that works by inhibiting clot formation, thereby increasing the risk of bleeding. Therefore, the nurse should closely monitor the client for signs of bleeding, such as bruising, petechiae, hematuria, or gastrointestinal bleeding, to prevent potential complications.
Question 3 of 5
A client with hypertension is prescribed atenolol. The nurse should monitor the client for which potential side effect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When a client is prescribed atenolol, a beta-blocker medication used to treat hypertension, the nurse should monitor for bradycardia as a potential side effect. Atenolol works by slowing the heart rate, and one common adverse effect is bradycardia, which is a slower than normal heart rate. Monitoring the client's heart rate is essential to detect and manage this potential side effect promptly.
Question 4 of 5
A client with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder is prescribed topiramate. The nurse should monitor for which potential adverse effect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the case of a client with bipolar disorder prescribed topiramate, monitoring for cognitive impairment is crucial due to the potential adverse effects of the medication. Topiramate is known to affect cognitive function in some individuals, leading to issues such as memory problems, confusion, and difficulty concentrating. This is why option A is the correct answer. Regarding why the other options are incorrect: - Option B (Weight gain): While weight gain can be a side effect of some medications used to treat bipolar disorder, it is not a common adverse effect of topiramate. - Option C (Liver toxicity): Although monitoring liver function is important when taking certain medications, liver toxicity is not a typical adverse effect associated with topiramate. - Option D (Weight gain): This option is a duplicate and does not provide a distinct alternative to the correct answer. From an educational perspective, understanding the potential adverse effects of medications used in treating mental health conditions like bipolar disorder is essential for nurses and healthcare professionals. Monitoring for cognitive impairment in this case helps ensure the client's safety and well-being while receiving treatment. This knowledge enhances the quality of care provided to individuals with bipolar disorder and contributes to better outcomes.
Question 5 of 5
A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus is prescribed dulaglutide. The nurse should monitor for which potential adverse effect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Nausea.' Dulaglutide, a medication commonly used in the management of type 2 diabetes, can lead to gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea. While hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia are potential concerns in diabetes management, they are not typically associated with dulaglutide use. Pancreatitis is a serious adverse effect of some diabetes medications, but it is not a common side effect of dulaglutide.