HESI LPN
Pharmacology HESI 55 Questions 2023 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with chronic kidney disease is prescribed erythropoietin. The nurse should monitor for which potential adverse effect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Erythropoietin is a medication commonly used to stimulate red blood cell production in individuals with chronic kidney disease. One of the potential adverse effects of erythropoietin therapy is hypertension. The increased production of red blood cells can lead to elevated blood pressure levels. Therefore, monitoring for hypertension is essential to ensure the client's safety and well-being while on this medication.
Question 2 of 5
A client with a history of chronic kidney disease is prescribed epoetin alfa. The nurse should monitor for which potential adverse effect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Hypertension. Epoetin alfa is a medication commonly prescribed to stimulate red blood cell production in individuals with chronic kidney disease who are undergoing dialysis. One of the potential adverse effects of epoetin alfa is hypertension. This occurs due to the drug's ability to increase red blood cell production, which can lead to elevated blood pressure. Option B) Hypotension is incorrect because epoetin alfa is more likely to cause hypertension rather than hypotension. Option C) Hyperglycemia is not directly associated with epoetin alfa use in individuals with chronic kidney disease. This side effect is more commonly seen in medications like corticosteroids or certain antipsychotic drugs. Option D) Tachycardia is not a typical adverse effect of epoetin alfa. While the drug can increase blood viscosity, leading to potential cardiovascular issues, tachycardia is not a common side effect. Educationally, it is crucial for nurses to understand the potential adverse effects of medications, especially in patients with chronic conditions like kidney disease. Monitoring for and recognizing these side effects promptly can help prevent complications and improve patient outcomes. By understanding the pharmacological actions of drugs like epoetin alfa, nurses can provide safe and effective care to their patients.
Question 3 of 5
A client with severe rheumatoid arthritis is prescribed infliximab. The nurse should monitor for which potential adverse effect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased risk of infection. Infliximab is known to increase the risk of infection due to its immunosuppressive effects. It is crucial for the nurse to monitor for signs of infection in the client receiving infliximab to promptly address any potential complications and ensure the client's safety and well-being.
Question 4 of 5
A client with a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder is prescribed buspirone. The nurse should instruct the client that this medication may have which potential side effect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct potential side effect of buspirone is drowsiness. It is important for clients to be informed about this side effect, as it can affect their ability to perform tasks that require full alertness, such as driving. Clients should be advised to avoid activities that require mental alertness until they know how the medication affects them.
Question 5 of 5
A client with chronic kidney disease is prescribed lanthanum carbonate. The nurse should monitor for which potential side effect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lanthanum carbonate is prescribed in chronic kidney disease to bind dietary phosphorus in the gastrointestinal tract. This action can lead to decreased phosphorus absorption and potential hypercalcemia due to the increased serum calcium levels. Therefore, the nurse should monitor the client for signs and symptoms of hypercalcemia, such as confusion, fatigue, and muscle weakness.