HESI LPN
Pharmacology HESI 2023 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with a history of heart failure is prescribed carvedilol. The nurse should monitor for which potential side effect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When a client is prescribed carvedilol, the nurse should monitor for bradycardia, a potential side effect of this medication. Carvedilol is a beta-blocker that can slow down the heart rate, so monitoring for signs of bradycardia is essential to prevent any adverse effects on the client's cardiovascular system.
Question 2 of 5
What instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan for a client prescribed etanercept for rheumatoid arthritis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client prescribed etanercept is to rotate injection sites to prevent irritation and ensure proper absorption. Changing sites will help prevent skin irritation and ensure that the medication is absorbed effectively. This practice also reduces the risk of injection site reactions and discomfort. It is essential to follow this instruction to promote optimal medication delivery and minimize adverse effects.
Question 3 of 5
A client with a history of deep vein thrombosis is prescribed fondaparinux. The nurse should monitor for which potential adverse effect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Corrected Question: When a client with a history of deep vein thrombosis is prescribed fondaparinux, the nurse should monitor for the potential adverse effect of an increased risk of bleeding. Fondaparinux is an anticoagulant that works by preventing blood clots, which can lead to an increased risk of bleeding. Therefore, the nurse should closely monitor the client for signs of bleeding, such as unexplained bruising, bleeding gums, or blood in the urine or stool.
Question 4 of 5
A client with hypertension is prescribed amlodipine. The nurse should monitor for which potential adverse effect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the context of pharmacology, it is crucial for nurses to understand the potential adverse effects of medications to provide safe and effective patient care. In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Peripheral edema. Amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker commonly prescribed for hypertension. One of the common adverse effects of amlodipine is peripheral edema, which manifests as swelling in the extremities due to fluid accumulation. This occurs as a result of the vasodilatory effects of the medication on the peripheral arteries. Option B) Bradycardia is incorrect because amlodipine is not known to cause a decrease in heart rate; rather, it primarily affects blood pressure regulation. Option C) Hypertension is incorrect as the client is already being treated for hypertension with amlodipine, so a worsening of hypertension would not be an expected adverse effect. Option D) Increased appetite is incorrect as amlodipine does not typically impact appetite as an adverse effect. Educationally, understanding the potential adverse effects of medications helps nurses in monitoring and managing patients effectively. It also reinforces the importance of thorough medication assessments and patient education to recognize and report adverse reactions promptly.
Question 5 of 5
A client with diabetes mellitus type 2 is prescribed liraglutide. The nurse should include which instruction in the client's teaching plan?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is to administer liraglutide once a day. Liraglutide is typically prescribed to be taken once daily, as directed by the healthcare provider. This dosing schedule helps maintain consistent levels of the medication in the body to effectively manage blood sugar levels in clients with diabetes mellitus type 2. It is important for the nurse to emphasize the importance of adherence to the prescribed dosing regimen to achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes.