A client with a history of atrial fibrillation is prescribed warfarin. The nurse should monitor for which sign of potential bleeding?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Bruising. Warfarin is an anticoagulant medication that works by inhibiting the synthesis of certain clotting factors in the liver. This can lead to an increased risk of bleeding in patients taking warfarin. Bruising is a common early sign of potential bleeding in patients on anticoagulant therapy like warfarin. Option A) Elevated blood pressure is not directly related to the potential bleeding risk associated with warfarin. Option C) Shortness of breath is more commonly associated with respiratory or cardiac issues rather than bleeding due to warfarin. Option D) Nausea and vomiting are not specific signs of bleeding related to warfarin therapy. Educationally, it is crucial for nurses to be aware of the potential side effects and risks associated with anticoagulant therapy, such as warfarin, to ensure patient safety and provide appropriate monitoring and care. Understanding the signs and symptoms of bleeding helps nurses to promptly identify and address any complications that may arise in patients receiving anticoagulant therapy.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Alcohol. When taking cyclobenzaprine, it is important to avoid alcohol as it can potentiate the central nervous system depressant effects of the medication. This interaction can lead to increased drowsiness, dizziness, and impaired coordination. Therefore, it is essential for the client to refrain from alcohol consumption while on cyclobenzaprine to prevent these adverse effects and ensure their safety.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet medication that works to prevent blood clots, but it can also increase the risk of bleeding. Therefore, the nurse should monitor the client for signs of bleeding, such as easy bruising, prolonged bleeding from cuts, blood in urine or stool, or unusual bleeding from the gums. Prompt identification and management of bleeding are crucial to prevent complications.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: The correct instruction for the client prescribed raloxifene for osteoporosis is option A) Take this medication at the same time each day. Raloxifene is a medication used to prevent and treat osteoporosis by improving bone density. Consistency in the timing of medication administration helps maintain a stable level of the drug in the body, maximizing its effectiveness in preventing bone loss. Option B) Take this medication with a full glass of water is incorrect because raloxifene should be taken with or without food, not specifically with water. Option C) Take this medication on an empty stomach is incorrect as raloxifene can be taken with or without food. Option D) Take this medication immediately after a meal is incorrect as raloxifene can be taken at any time, not necessarily right after a meal. In an educational context, it is crucial for nurses to understand the specific instructions for medications used to treat conditions like osteoporosis to ensure optimal patient outcomes. Consistency in medication administration is key to achieving the desired therapeutic effects and minimizing potential side effects. Nurses play a vital role in educating patients on the proper administration and timing of medications to promote adherence and treatment success.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In pharmacological education, it is crucial to understand the rationale behind medication instructions to ensure safe and effective patient care. In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Do not stop taking this medication abruptly. This instruction is essential because alprazolam is a benzodiazepine, and abrupt discontinuation can lead to withdrawal symptoms, including rebound anxiety, insomnia, tremors, and seizures. Educating the client on the importance of gradual tapering under medical supervision is vital to prevent these adverse effects. Option A) Take this medication with food is incorrect because alprazolam can be taken with or without food, and food does not significantly impact its absorption. Option B) Avoid activities that require alertness is not directly related to alprazolam use. While drowsiness can be a side effect, it does not mandate a blanket restriction on all activities requiring alertness. Option D) This medication may cause drowsiness is a common side effect of alprazolam, but it is not the most critical instruction for this medication. It is essential to address the risk of abrupt withdrawal first to ensure patient safety. By understanding the rationale behind each instruction, nursing students can provide comprehensive patient education and contribute to safe medication management practices in clinical settings.