A client with a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder is prescribed diazepam. The nurse should instruct the client that this medication may have which potential side effect?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Correct. Diazepam, a medication commonly used to treat anxiety disorders, can lead to drowsiness as a potential side effect. It is important for clients taking diazepam to be cautious about activities that require alertness, such as driving, due to the risk of drowsiness associated with this medication.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Hypocalcemia. Cinacalcet is a medication commonly used to treat secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with chronic kidney disease. It works by increasing the sensitivity of the calcium-sensing receptors on the parathyroid gland, leading to a decrease in parathyroid hormone levels. This can result in lower serum calcium levels, leading to hypocalcemia. Option B) Hypercalcemia is incorrect because cinacalcet typically lowers calcium levels rather than increasing them. Option C) Hyperkalemia is unrelated to cinacalcet use and is more commonly associated with conditions like renal failure or certain medications like potassium-sparing diuretics. Option D) Hyperphosphatemia is also not a common side effect of cinacalcet. Instead, it helps to lower elevated levels of phosphate in the blood by reducing parathyroid hormone levels. Educationally, understanding the side effects of medications used in specific conditions like chronic kidney disease is crucial for nurses to provide safe and effective care. Monitoring for potential side effects like hypocalcemia in this case allows for early intervention and prevention of complications, highlighting the importance of pharmacological knowledge in nursing practice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct instruction for a client prescribed etanercept is to rotate injection sites to prevent irritation and ensure proper absorption. Changing sites will help prevent skin irritation and ensure that the medication is absorbed effectively. This practice also reduces the risk of injection site reactions and discomfort. It is essential to follow this instruction to promote optimal medication delivery and minimize adverse effects.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Corrected Question: When a client with a history of deep vein thrombosis is prescribed fondaparinux, the nurse should monitor for the potential adverse effect of an increased risk of bleeding. Fondaparinux is an anticoagulant that works by preventing blood clots, which can lead to an increased risk of bleeding. Therefore, the nurse should closely monitor the client for signs of bleeding, such as unexplained bruising, bleeding gums, or blood in the urine or stool.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology, it is crucial for nurses to understand the potential adverse effects of medications to provide safe and effective patient care. In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Peripheral edema. Amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker commonly prescribed for hypertension. One of the common adverse effects of amlodipine is peripheral edema, which manifests as swelling in the extremities due to fluid accumulation. This occurs as a result of the vasodilatory effects of the medication on the peripheral arteries. Option B) Bradycardia is incorrect because amlodipine is not known to cause a decrease in heart rate; rather, it primarily affects blood pressure regulation. Option C) Hypertension is incorrect as the client is already being treated for hypertension with amlodipine, so a worsening of hypertension would not be an expected adverse effect. Option D) Increased appetite is incorrect as amlodipine does not typically impact appetite as an adverse effect. Educationally, understanding the potential adverse effects of medications helps nurses in monitoring and managing patients effectively. It also reinforces the importance of thorough medication assessments and patient education to recognize and report adverse reactions promptly.