HESI LPN
Pediatric HESI 2023 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A child with a diagnosis of celiac disease is admitted to the hospital. What dietary restriction should the nurse teach the parents?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Avoid gluten.' Children with celiac disease must follow a gluten-free diet to prevent symptoms and intestinal damage. Gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye, which triggers an immune response in individuals with celiac disease. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because while some individuals with celiac disease may also have lactose intolerance or may need to manage fat or sugar intake for overall health, the primary dietary restriction for celiac disease is avoiding gluten to maintain gastrointestinal health.
Question 2 of 5
A 5-year-old child with a diagnosis of asthma is being evaluated for medication management. What is an important assessment for the nurse to perform?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assessing the child's dietary intake is crucial for managing asthma symptoms as certain foods can trigger or worsen asthma attacks. Monitoring dietary intake helps ensure the child receives proper nutrition and avoids triggers. Assessing sleep patterns (Choice A) may be relevant but not as directly impactful on asthma management. Academic performance (Choice C) and behavior at home (Choice D) are important aspects of a child's overall health but are not as directly related to asthma management as dietary intake.
Question 3 of 5
A 2-year-old child with a diagnosis of atopic dermatitis is being discharged. What should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to 'Apply topical corticosteroids as prescribed.' Atopic dermatitis is a condition characterized by inflammation and itchiness of the skin. Topical corticosteroids are commonly used to reduce inflammation and relieve symptoms in atopic dermatitis. Teaching the caregiver to apply the medication as prescribed by the healthcare provider is crucial for managing the child's condition effectively. Choices A, C, and D are not the priority discharge teaching for atopic dermatitis. While avoiding triggers that cause flare-ups and contact with sick individuals can be beneficial, the immediate focus should be on proper medication administration to address the underlying inflammation and symptoms of atopic dermatitis.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 7-year-old child with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. What is the priority nursing intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The priority nursing intervention for a 7-year-old child with type 1 diabetes mellitus is to monitor blood glucose levels. This is crucial for managing and adjusting insulin therapy effectively. Administering insulin as prescribed is important, but monitoring blood glucose levels takes precedence as it guides insulin administration. Teaching the child how to self-administer insulin and encouraging regular exercise are also important aspects of diabetes management, but they are not the priority in this situation.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a child with suspected pertussis. What clinical manifestation is the nurse likely to observe?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Severe coughing spells. Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, typically presents with severe coughing spells that can be followed by a characteristic 'whoop' sound. These coughing fits can be intense and prolonged, often causing the child to gasp for air between coughs. Option A, dry hacking cough, is a common symptom of other respiratory conditions like bronchitis. Option B, inspiratory stridor, is more commonly associated with conditions like croup. Option C, nasal congestion, is not a typical symptom of pertussis.