HESI LPN
Pediatric Practice Exam HESI Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 2-year-old child with a diagnosis of hemophilia is admitted to the hospital. What should the nurse include in the care plan?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 2 of 5
A child has been diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). What position should the nurse recommend the child be placed in after eating?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: After eating, it is beneficial to place a child with GERD in a semi-Fowler's position. This position helps prevent reflux by keeping the child's head elevated above the stomach, reducing the chances of gastric contents flowing back into the esophagus. Placing the child supine (lying flat on their back) can worsen reflux symptoms by allowing gravity to work against the natural flow of gastric contents. Prone position (lying on the stomach) is not recommended due to the increased risk of aspiration. Trendelenburg position (feet elevated above head) is also inappropriate as it can lead to increased pressure on the abdomen, potentially worsening reflux symptoms.
Question 3 of 5
A child with a diagnosis of leukemia is receiving chemotherapy. What is the priority nursing intervention?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The priority nursing intervention for a child with leukemia receiving chemotherapy is monitoring for signs of infection. Chemotherapy can suppress the immune system, increasing the risk of infections. Detecting and managing infections promptly is crucial to prevent complications and improve outcomes. Providing nutritional support is important, but infection prevention takes precedence due to the immediate threat it poses to the child's health. Monitoring for signs of bleeding is relevant in leukemia due to decreased platelet count, but infection surveillance is more critical. Monitoring for signs of pain is essential, but addressing infections promptly is the priority to prevent further deterioration in the child's condition.
Question 4 of 5
What is the priority nursing intervention for a child admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute glomerulonephritis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The priority nursing intervention for a child with acute glomerulonephritis is monitoring for hypertension. Acute glomerulonephritis involves inflammation of the kidney's glomeruli, leading to impaired kidney function. Hypertension is a common complication due to fluid retention and increased renin-angiotensin system activity. Monitoring for hypertension is crucial for early detection and management to prevent further kidney damage and complications. Providing pain relief (Choice B) may be required for discomfort but is not the priority. Restricting fluid intake (Choice C) may be necessary in some kidney diseases, but in acute glomerulonephritis, the focus is on monitoring and managing hypertension. Encouraging fluid intake (Choice D) is inappropriate as it can exacerbate fluid overload and hypertension in acute glomerulonephritis.
Question 5 of 5
A child with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is being discharged from the hospital. What is important for the nurse to include in the discharge teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: For a child with diabetes mellitus, following a specific meal plan is crucial for managing blood glucose levels effectively. This helps in maintaining stable blood sugar levels and preventing complications associated with the condition. Monitoring blood glucose levels daily and recognizing signs of hypoglycemia are also important aspects of managing diabetes; however, adherence to a specific meal plan plays a fundamental role in overall diabetes care. Administering insulin based on blood glucose levels alone is not recommended without a specific plan provided by healthcare providers.