Chapter 2: Settings and Models for Nursing Care - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Florence Nightingale (1859) described the role of the nurse as putting 'the patient in the best condition for nature to act upon him.' Virginia Henderson envisioned the nurse's role as helping people (sick or well) to carry out activities that contribute to health, recovery, or a peaceful death. The American Nurses Association (AN
A) traditionally defined nursing as 'the diagnosis and treatment of human responses to actual or potential health problems.' In response to an increased emphasis on the science of care, the ANA now acknowledges 'promotion of a caring relationship that facilitates health and healing' as one of the four essential features of contemporary nursing practice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Although hospitals include all levels of outpatient areas (e.g., industrial environments, clinics, same-day surgery units, related diagnostic departments), inpatient units have been the traditional site for much of the nursing work force.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Hospices provide care for clients with terminal illness whose life expectancy is less than 6 months. Ambulatory care is also called outpatient care. Skilled nursing care facilities provide skilled nursing and rehabilitative care to people who have the potential to regain function but need skilled observation and nursing care during an acute illness. Intermediate care facilities are nursing homes that provide custodial care for people who cannot care for themselves because of mental or physical disabilities.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Congregate housing provides independent living or minimal assistance for seniors or disabled adults. Skilled nursing care facilities provide skilled nursing and rehabilitative care to people who have the potential to regain function but need skilled observation and nursing care during an acute illness. Assisted living facilities provide care to residents who need assistance with up to three activities of daily living. Boarding homes are usually small homes with individual rooms where residents pay for room and board and minimal nursing services.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The goal of alternative care facilities is to provide the least restrictive living arrangement while maintaining safety and quality. Patient-focused care uses an RN partnered with one or more assistive personnel to care for a group of clients.
Total care refers to assignments in which a nurse assumes all the care for a small group of clients. In primary nursing, an RN assumes 24-hour accountability for the client's care and has total responsibility for the nursing care of assigned clients during the shift.