ATI LPN
Lewis's Medical Surgical Nursing in Canada, 5th Edition
Chapter 51 Questions
Question 1 of 5
When developing a plan of care for a patient with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), which of the following interventions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sucking on ice chips or chewing sugarless gum decreases thirst for a patient on fluid restriction. Patients with SIADH are on fluid restrictions of 800-1000 mL/day. Peripheral edema is not seen with SIADH. The head of the bed is elevated no more than 10 degrees to increase left atrial filling pressure and decrease antidiuretic hormone (ADH) release.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient following a parathyroidectomy who develops tingling of the lips and a positive Trousseau's sign. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The patient's symptoms suggest mild hypocalcemia. The symptoms of hypocalcemia will be temporarily reduced by having the patient breathe into a paper bag, which will raise the PaCO2 and create a more acidic pH. The muscle relaxant will have no impact on the ionized calcium level. Although severe hypocalcemia can cause laryngeal stridor, there is no indication that this patient is experiencing laryngeal stridor or needs oxygen. Calcium supplements will be given to normalize calcium levels quickly, but oral supplements will take time to be absorbed.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with acute adrenal insufficiency. Which of the following findings indicate that the prescribed therapies are effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clinical manifestations of Addison's disease include hyponatremia and an increase in sodium level indicates improvement. The other values indicate that treatment has not been effective.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with Graves' disease who has to,2026. 11:3.29. following actionspl. All is included in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient should sit upright as much as possible to promote fluid drainage from the periorbital area. With exophthalmos, the patient is unable to close the eyes completely. Lubrication of the eyes, rather than eye patches, will protect the eyes from developing corneal scarring. The swelling of the eye is not caused by excessive blood flow to the eye, so cold packs will not be helpful.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus has a prescription for 2 weeks of high-dose prednisone therapy. When teaching the patient about the prednisone, which of the following information is most important for the nurse to include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acute adrenal insufficiency may occur if exogenous corticosteroids are suddenly stopped. Mood alterations and weight gain are possible adverse effects of corticosteroid use, but these are not life-threatening effects. Osteoporosis occurs when patients take corticosteroids for longer periods.