ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 51 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A controlled type 2 diabetic client states, 'The doctor said if my blood sugars remain stable, I may not need to take any medication.' Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lifestyle interventions like diet, exercise, and weight loss can effectively manage type 2 diabetes, potentially reducing or eliminating the need for medication. A strict low-sugar diet is not typically recommended, and waiting for symptoms or assuming misunderstanding is less appropriate.
Question 2 of 5
A client is admitted to the unit with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which insulin would the nurse expect to administer intravenously?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Regular insulin is used intravenously for DKA due to its rapid onset and ability to be infused continuously. Glargine, NPH, and Lente are long- or intermediate-acting insulins administered subcutaneously, unsuitable for acute DKA management.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client receiving insulin isophane suspension (NPH) at breakfast. What is an important dietary consideration for the nurse to keep in mind?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: NPH insulin peaks 4-10 hours after administration, risking hypoglycemia mid-morning to early afternoon. A midday snack helps maintain stable glucose levels. Breakfast timing, reduced lunch carbohydrates, or delayed dinner are not directly related to NPH's action.
Question 4 of 5
Which assessment finding is most important in determining nursing care for a client with diabetes mellitus?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fruity breath indicates rising ketones and potential diabetic ketoacidosis, a life-threatening condition requiring immediate intervention to prevent complications like acidosis or renal shutdown. A blood sugar of 170 mg/dL is elevated but less critical, cloudy urine may suggest a UTI, and normal respirations are not a priority.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is explaining glycosylated hemoglobin testing to a diabetic client. Which of the following provides the best reason for this order?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measures glucose bound to hemoglobin over its 120-day lifespan, reflecting long-term glucose control. It does not assess overall blood functioning, nutritional status, or cost relative to daily testing, which is still necessary for insulin-dependent clients.