ATI LPN
Lewis's Medical Surgical Nursing in Canada, 5th Edition
Chapter 44 Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following information is best for the nurse to include when teaching a patient with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) about dietary management of the disease?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The best information is that each individual should choose foods that are not associated with postprandial discomfort. Raw fruits and vegetables may irritate the gastric mucosa; however, some patients tolerate by chewing well. High-protein foods not only help to neutralize acid but they also stimulate hydrochloric (HCl) acid secretion and may increase discomfort for some patients. Bland diets may be recommended during an acute exacerbation of PUD, but there is little scientific evidence to support their use.
Question 2 of 5
To decrease the risk for cancers of the tongue and buccal mucosa, which of the following information should the nurse include when teaching a patient who is seen for an annual physical examination in the outpatient clinic?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Tobacco use greatly increases the risk for oral cancer. Acute throat infections do not increase risk for oral cancer, although persistent irritation of the oral mucosa does increase risk. Sun exposure does not increase the risk for cancers of the buccal mucosa. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with increased risk, but HSV infection is not a risk factor for oral cancer.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for an older-adult patient who has been diagnosed with esophageal cancer and the patient tells the nurse, 'I know that my chances are not very good, but I do not feel ready to die yet.' Which of the following responses by the nurse is best?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This response is open-ended and will encourage the patient to further discuss feelings of anxiety or sadness about the diagnosis. Patients with esophageal cancer have only a low survival rate, so the response 'You may have quite a few years still left to live' is misleading. The response beginning, 'Thinking about dying' indicates that the nurse is not open to discussing the patient's fears of dying. And the response beginning, 'It is important that you be realistic,' discourages the patient from feeling hopeful, which is important to patients with any life-threatening diagnosis.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following symptoms should the nurse anticipate in a patient with a duodenal ulcer?
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: A patient with a duodenal ulcer may have nausea and vomiting, pain in the middle of the night, and relief from pain with an administration of an antacid. Decreased gastric secretion is not typical; duodenal ulcers are often associated with increased acid secretion.
Question 5 of 5
After receiving change-of-shift report, which of the following patients should the nurse assess first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient's history and blood pressure indicate possible hemodynamic instability caused by GI bleeding. The data about the other patients do not indicate acutely life-threatening complications.