ATI LPN
Lewis's Medical Surgical Nursing in Canada, 5th Edition
Chapter 44 Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with deep partial-thickness burns who is anxious about the upcoming dressing change, is in severe pain, and is nauseated. Which of the following actions will be most useful in decreasing the patient's nausea?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient's nausea is associated with stress and severe pain, therefore the best treatment will be to provide adequate pain medication before dressing changes. The nurse should avoid doing painful procedures close to mealtimes, but nausea or vomiting that occurs at other times also should be addressed. Keeping the patient NPO does not address the reason for the nausea and vomiting and will have an adverse effect on the patient's nutrition. Administration of antiemetics is not the best choice for a patient with nausea caused by pain.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who has been NPO during treatment for nausea and vomiting caused by gastric irritation and is to start oral intake. Which of the following menu choices should the nurse offer to the patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Clear liquids are usually the first foods started after a patient has been nauseated. Acidic foods such as orange juice, very hot foods, and coffee are poorly tolerated when patients have been nauseated.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving chemotherapy and develops Candida albicans oral infection. Which of the following actions should the nurse anticipate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Candida albicans is treated with an antifungal such as nystatin. Oral saltwater rinses may be used but will not cure the infection. Antiviral agents are used for viral infections such as herpes simplex. Referral to a dentist is indicated for gingivitis but not for Candida infection.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is assessing the mouth of a patient who uses smokeless tobacco for signs of oral cancer. Which of the following findings is of most concern?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A red, velvety patch suggests erythroplasia, which has a high incidence (90%) of progression to malignant cancer. The other lesions are suggestive of acute processes (gingivitis, oral candidiasis, and herpes simplex).
Question 5 of 5
To decrease the risk for cancers of the tongue and buccal mucosa, which of the following information should the nurse include when teaching a patient who is seen for an annual physical examination in the outpatient clinic?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Tobacco use greatly increases the risk for oral cancer. Acute throat infections do not increase risk for oral cancer, although persistent irritation of the oral mucosa does increase risk. Sun exposure does not increase the risk for cancers of the buccal mucosa. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with increased risk, but HSV infection is not a risk factor for oral cancer.