ATI LPN
Lewis's Medical Surgical Nursing in Canada, 5th Edition
Chapter 15 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient whose mother has diagnosed with BRCA gene-related breast cancer asks the nurse, 'Do you think I should be tested for the gene?' Which of the following responses by the nurse is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Although presymptomatic testing for genetic disorders allows patients to take action (such as mastectomy) to prevent the development of some genetically caused disorders, patients also need to consider that test results in their medical file may impact other areas of their life. Telling a patient that a decision about mastectomy should be made before testing implies that the nurse has made a judgment about what the patient should do if the test is positive. Although the patient may need to think about her reaction if the test is positive, other issues also should be considered. Although most breast cancers are not related to BRCA gene alterations, the patient with the gene alteration has a markedly increased risk for breast cancer.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following terms describe the process by which the codon sequence is converted to amino acids?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: After transcription is complete, translation occurs. Translation is the process through which the codon sequence is converted into amino acids.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is counselling a couple in which the man has an autosomal recessive disorder, and the woman has no gene for the disorder. The nurse uses Punnett squares to show the couple that the probability of their having a child with the disorder is which of the following percentages?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When one parent has no gene for an autosomal recessive disorder, the children will not display the characteristics of the disorder. However, the children will be carriers of the autosomal recessive disorder.
Question 4 of 5
The parents of a child with brachydactyly ask if their next child will also be affected. Which of the following is the basis for the nurses' response related to autosomal dominant disorders?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Brachydactyly is an autosomal dominant disorder, meaning that there is a 50% chance that offspring will be affected. It happens equally in males and females.
Question 5 of 5
The parents of a child with cystic fibrosis ask if their next child will also be affected. Which of the following is the basis for the nurse's response related to autosomal recessive disorders?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disorder, meaning that there is a 25% chance that offspring will be affected. It happens equally in males and females.