ATI LPN
Foundations and Adult Health Nursing Test Bank
Chapter 56 Questions
Question 1 of 5
The patient with an HIV infection who has just seroconverted says he just cannot take all those confusing, expensive antiretroviral (ART) medications. He says he still feels fine, anyway. Which fact will the nurse keep in mind when counseling this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Compliance and adherence to the ART protocol is essential to its success. Cessation of the medication may stimulate the emergence of a resistant strain of HIV. ART can be restarted, but the optimum time to start is soon after seroconversion.
Question 2 of 5
For which reason will interventions such as promotion of nutrition, exercise, and stress reduction be undertaken by the nurse for patients who have HIV infection?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: HIV disease progression may be delayed by promoting a healthy immune system. Useful interventions for HIV-infected patients include the following: nutritional changes that maintain lean body mass, regular exercise, and stress reduction.
Question 3 of 5
The home health nurse designing a teaching plan for a person with HIV disease that would support weight gain would include information pertaining to which intervention?
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E,F
Rationale: Increase protein, calorie, and fat intake. Offer nutritional supplements. Eat several small meals per day instead of three large meals. Provide for referrals. Weigh the patient daily. Weight training maintains muscle tone and improves appetite.
Question 4 of 5
The anxious male patient is fearful that he has been exposed to a person with an HIV infection. He states he does not want to go to a laboratory for the ELISA tests because he does not want to be identified. Which response would be the nurse's most helpful response?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The OraQuick is a home OTC test approved by the FDA. One seronegative on the ELISA is not evidence because seroconversion may not have taken place. The Western blot test follows if the ELISA is positive.
Question 5 of 5
A patient states that he feels terrific, but a blood test shows that he is HIV-positive. It is important for the nurse to discuss with him that HIV may remain dormant for several years. Which factor is true of the patient during this time?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A prolonged period in which HIV is not readily detectable in the blood follows within a few weeks or months of the initial infection. This titer, or viral load, falls dramatically as the immune system responds and controls the HIV infection, and it may last 10 to 12 years. During this period, there are few clinical symptoms of HIV infection, although an individual is still capable of transmitting HIV to others.