ATI LPN
Lewis's Medical Surgical Nursing in Canada, 5th Edition
Chapter 40 Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is discussing risk factor modification for a patient who has a 4-cm abdominal aortic aneurysm. The nurse should focus patient teaching on which of the following risk factors?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All of the factors contribute to the patient's risk, but only the hypertension can potentially be modified to decrease the patient's risk for further expansion of the aneurysm.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is obtaining a health history from a patient who has a 5-cm thoracic aortic aneurysm that was discovered during a routine chest x-ray. Which of the following symptoms should the nurse expect to assess in the patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Difficulty swallowing may occur with a thoracic aneurysm because of pressure on the esophagus. The other symptoms will be important to assess for in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms.
Question 3 of 5
Several hours after an open surgical repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm, the patient develops a urinary output of 20 mL/hour for 2 hours. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The decreased urine output suggests decreased renal perfusion, and monitoring of renal function is needed. There is no indication that infection is a concern, so antibiotic therapy and a WBC count are not needed. The IV rate may be increased because hypovolemia may be contributing to the patient's decreased urinary output.
Question 4 of 5
A patient in the outpatient clinic has a new diagnosis of peripheral artery disease (PAD). Which of the following medication categories should the nurse plan to include when providing patient teaching about PAD management?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Current research indicates that statin use by patients with PAD improves multiple outcomes. There is no research that supports the use of the other medication categories in PAD.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with chronic atrial fibrillation who develops sudden severe pain, pulselessness, pallor, and coolness in the left leg. Which of the following actions should the nurse implement first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The patient's history and clinical manifestations are consistent with acute arterial occlusion. Clinical manifestations of acute arterial ischemia include the 'six Ps': pain, pallor, paralysis, pulselessness, paresthesia, and poikilothermia (adaptation of the limb to the environmental temperature most often cool). Without immediate intervention, ischemia may progress quickly to tissue necrosis and gangrene within a few hours. If the nurse detects these signs, the nurse should immediately notify the health care provider. Elevating the leg or applying an elastic wrap will further compromise blood flow to the leg. Exercise will increase oxygen demand for the tissues of the leg.