ATI LPN
Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing 14e (Hinkle 2017)
Chapter 58 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A woman scheduled for a simple mastectomy in one week is having her preoperative education provided by the clinic nurse. What educational intervention will be of primary importance to prevent hemorrhage in the postoperative period?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aspirin has anticoagulant properties that can increase the risk of postoperative bleeding. Instructing the patient to stop taking aspirin is critical to minimize hemorrhage risk. Limiting green leafy vegetables affects vitamin K levels but is less directly related to immediate bleeding risk. Fluid intake or NPO status does not significantly impact hemorrhage prevention.
Question 2 of 5
A 23-year-old woman comes to the free clinic stating I think I have a lump in my breast. Do I have cancer? The nurse instructs the patient that a diagnosis of breast cancer is confirmed by what?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fine-needle aspiration or biopsy provides histologic confirmation of breast cancer, making it the definitive diagnostic method. Breast self-examination and mammography are screening tools, not diagnostic, and chest x-rays are used for metastasis evaluation, not primary diagnosis.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is examining a patient who has been diagnosed with a fibroadenoma. The nurse should recognize what implication of this patients diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fibroadenomas are benign, firm, movable tumors that may require biopsy for definitive diagnosis. They are not age-related, not linked to oral contraceptives, and do not necessitate radiation therapy.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is teaching breast self-examination (BSE) to a group of women. The nurse should recommend that the patients perform BSE at what time?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: BSE is best performed on days 5 to 7 after menses, when breasts are least hormonal and tender, optimizing detection of abnormalities. Monthly, not weekly, performance is recommended, and timing relative to menses is important.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who has just had a radical mastectomy and axillary node dissection. When providing patient education regarding rehabilitation, what should the nurse recommend?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Post-axillary dissection, patients should avoid lifting objects heavier than 5 to 10 pounds to prevent lymphedema or injury. Arm exercises are encouraged, cuticles should not be cut to avoid infection, and slings are unnecessary.