ATI LPN
Test Bank for Medical Surgical Nursing: Concepts for Interprofessional Collaborative Care 10th Edition
Chapter 33 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse assesses a client who had a myocardial infarction and is hypotensive. Which additional assessment finding should the nurse suspect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When a client experiences hypotension, baroreceptors in the aortic arch sense a pressure decrease in the vessels. The parasympathetic system responds by lessening the inhibitory effect on the sinoatrial node, resulting in an increased heart rate. A heart rate of 120 beats/min is indicative of tachycardia, which is a compensatory mechanism for low blood pressure.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse assesses a client after administering a prescribed beta blocker. Which assessment should the nurse expect to find?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Beta blockers block the stimulation of beta-adrenergic receptors, reducing the sympathetic response and decreasing heart rate. A decrease in pulse from 100 beats/min to 80 beats/min is an expected effect of beta blockers, as they slow the heart rate and reduce cardiac output.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse assesses clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which client should the nurse identify as having the greatest risk for cardiovascular disease?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The incidence of coronary artery disease and hypertension is higher in American Indians than in other populations. Diabetes mellitus further increases the risk for cardiovascular disease in any population, making the 45-year-old American Indian female with diabetes mellitus the client with the greatest risk.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse assesses an older adult client who has multiple chronic diseases. The client's heart rate is 48 beats/min. Which action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bradycardia in older adults can result from a decrease in pacemaker cells or medication effects. The nurse should first assess the client's medications, as certain drugs (e.g., beta blockers) can cause a low heart rate. This step precedes documentation, pacing, or administering atropine.
Question 5 of 5
An emergency room nurse obtains the health history of a client. Which statement by the client should alert the nurse to the occurrence of heart failure?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Dyspnea on exertion, such as shortness of breath when climbing stairs, is an early manifestation of heart failure due to reduced cardiac output during activity. The other symptoms are not specific to heart failure.