ATI LPN
Test Bank for Medical Surgical Nursing: Concepts for Interprofessional Collaborative Care 10th Edition
Chapter 67 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse assesses a client who has a family history of polycystic kidney disease (PKD). For which clinical manifestations should the nurse assess? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Clients with PKD commonly experience dysuria, increased abdominal girth due to kidney enlargement, and hematuria from cyst rupture or tissue damage. Nocturia, dyspnea, and diarrhea are not typically associated with PKD.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse assesses a client with polycystic kidney disease (PKD). Which assessment finding should alert the nurse to routinely contact the health care provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Periorbital edema is not a typical finding associated with PKD and warrants further investigation, as it may indicate another underlying condition. Flank pain, enlarged abdomen, and bloody or cloudy urine are common symptoms of PKD due to kidney enlargement, cyst rupture, or infection.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse assesses a client with nephrotic syndrome. For which clinical manifestations should the nurse assess? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by proteinuria (>3.5 g/24 hr), hypoalbuminemia, and lipiduria due to glomerular damage. Dehydration is unlikely due to fluid overload, and dysuria and CVA tenderness are associated with infections like cystitis or pyelonephritis, not nephrotic syndrome.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse cares for a client with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). The client asks, 'Will my children develop this disease?' How should the nurse respond?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: ADPKD is an autosomal dominant disorder, meaning there is a 50% chance of passing the gene to each child, regardless of gender. It is not sex-linked, and only one parent needs to have the gene for the child to be at risk.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse cares for a middle-aged female client with diabetes mellitus who is being treated for the third episode of acute pyelonephritis in the past year. The client asks, 'What can I do to help prevent these infections?' How should the nurse respond?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increasing fluid intake (especially water) and frequent voiding help flush bacteria from the urinary tract, reducing the risk of pyelonephritis. Chronically elevated blood glucose in diabetes can promote bacterial growth, but frequent voiding is the most direct preventive measure. Testing urine for ketones/proteins, using tampons, or controlling hemoglobin A1C are not as directly related to preventing urinary tract infections.