ATI LPN
Lewis's Medical Surgical Nursing in Canada, 5th Edition
Chapter 54 Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is teaching a patient about breast self-examination (BSE) who has had a right-sided mastectomy. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: It is recommended, postmasectomy, that the patient perform monthly BSE on the remaining breast and the surgical site. The most common site of local recurrence of breast cancer is at the surgical site. The woman should undergo appropriate breast imaging at regular intervals (usually 6 months to 1 year), as determined by her risk of recurrence and breast cancer history.
Question 2 of 5
To determine the risk for breast cancer in a patient who has found a small lump in the left breast, which of the following questions is most pertinent for the nurse to ask?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Early menarche and late menopause are risk factors for breast cancer because of the prolonged exposure to estrogen that occurs. Cigarette smoking, breast trauma, and fibroccystic breast changes are not associated with increased breast cancer risk.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing a patient with a small immobile breast lump for a fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy. Which of the following information about the procedure should the nurse explain to the patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: FNA is done in outpatient settings and results are available in 24 to 48 hours. No incision is needed. FNA may be guided by ultrasound, but not by mammogram. Since the immobility of the breast lump suggests cancer, further testing will be done if the FNA is negative.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is conducting a breast assessment on a female patient. Which of the following findings is most indicative of a need for further evaluation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Painless and fixed lumps suggest breast cancer, a nodule that is $1 \mathrm{cm}$ in size, firm, and painless suggests breast cancer. The other findings are more suggestive of benign processes such as fibrocystic breasts and fibroadenoma.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who is at menopausal symptoms and considering the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) but is concerned about the risk of breast cancer. Which of the following information should the nurse include when discussing HRT with the patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Because Happened to have been linked to increased risk for breast cancer, the patient and provider must determine whether or not to use HRT. Breast cancer incidence is increased in women using HRT, independent of other risk factors. HRT increases the risk for both non-BRCA-associated cancer and BRCA-related cancers. Alternative therapies can be used but are not consistent in relieving menopausal symptoms.