ATI LPN
Lewis's Medical Surgical Nursing in Canada, 5th Edition
Chapter 18 Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma who is receiving interleukin-2 (IL-2) as an adjuvant therapy. Which of the following mechanisms of action should the nurse teach the patient about this therapy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: IL-2 enhances the ability of the patient's own immune response to suppress tumour cells. IL-2 does not protect normal cells from damage caused by chemotherapy, stimulate malignant cells to enter mitosis, or prevent bone marrow depression.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is teaching a patient who has a new diagnosis of acute leukemia about the complications associated with chemotherapy. The patient is restless and is looking away, never making eye contact. After the teaching, the patient asks the nurse to repeat all of the information. Based on this assessment, which of the following nursing diagnoses is most likely for this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient who has a new cancer diagnosis is likely to have high anxiety, which may impact learning and require that the nurse repeat and reinforce information. The patient's history of a recent diagnosis suggests that infiltration of the leukemia is not a likely cause of the confusion. The patient asks for the information to be repeated, indicating that lack of interest in learning and denial are not etiological factors.
Question 3 of 5
When assessing the need for psychological support after the patient has been diagnosed with stage I cancer of the colon, which of the following questions by the nurse will provide the most information?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Information about how the patient has coped with past stressful situations helps the nurse determine usual coping mechanisms and their effectiveness. The length of time since the diagnosis will not provide much information about the patient's need for support. The patient's knowledge of typical stages in adjustment to a critical diagnosis does not provide insight into patient needs for assistance. Since surgical interventions for stage I cancer of the colon may not cause any body image changes, this question is not appropriate at this time.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following information obtained by the nurse about a patient with colon cancer who is scheduled for external radiation therapy to the abdomen indicates a need for patient teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient is instructed to avoid swimming in salt water or chlorinated pools during the treatment period. The patient does not need to change the habits of eating frequently or showering with a mild soap. A history of dental caries will not impact the patient who is scheduled for abdominal radiation.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient undergoing external radiation and has developed a dry desquamation of the skin in the treatment area. Which of the following patient statements indicates that the nurse's teaching about management of the skin reaction has been effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aloe gel and cream may be used on the radiated skin area. Ice and sunlamps may injure the skin. Treatment areas should be cleaned gently to avoid further injury.