ATI LPN
Lewis's Medical Surgical Nursing in Canada, 5th Edition
Chapter 3 Questions
Question 1 of 5
An older-adult patient who is having difficulty breathing is admitted to the hospital. Which of the following approaches is the best for the nurse to use to obtain a complete health history?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the case of an older-adult patient with a low energy level, several short sessions may have to be scheduled. Allowing time for the patient to volunteer information about particular areas of concern enables the nurse to work with the patient to identify existing and potential health problems. In an emergency situation, the nurse may need to ask only the most pertinent questions for a specific problem and obtain more information later. A complete health history will include subjective information that is not available in the health care provider's medical history. Family members may be able to provide some subjective data, but only the patient will be able to give subjective information about the shortness of breath. Since the subjective data about the patient's respiratory status will be essential, obtaining the physical examination alone will not provide sufficient information.
Question 2 of 5
Immediate surgery is planned for a patient with acute abdominal pain. Which of the following questions will elicit the most complete information about the patient's coping-stress tolerance pattern?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The coping-stress tolerance pattern includes information about other major stressors confronting the patient. The health perception-health management pattern includes information about the patient's ideas about risk factors. Feelings about self and the hospitalization are assessed in the self-perception-self-concept pattern. Intensity of pain is part of the cognitive-perceptual pattern.
Question 3 of 5
During the health history interview, a patient tells the nurse about periodic fainting spells. Which question by the nurse will be most helpful in determining the setting in which the fainting spells occur?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Information about the setting is obtained by asking where the patient was and what the patient was doing when the symptom occurred. The other questions from the nurse are appropriate for obtaining information about chronology, frequency, and associated clinical manifestations.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse records the following general survey of a patient: 'The patient is a 78-year-old Asian female accompanied by her two daughters. Alert and oriented. Does not make eye contact with the nurse and responds appropriately to questions. No apparent disabilities or distinguishing features.' Which of the following information should be added to this general survey documentation?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The general survey also describes the patient's general nutritional status. The other information will be obtained when doing the complete nursing history and examination but is not obtained through the initial scanning of a patient.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is performing a health history and physical examination for a patient with right-sided rib fractures. Which of the following data is a pertinent negative finding?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse expects that a patient with rib fractures will have pain over the fractured area. The first statement is neither a positive nor a negative finding with regard to the rib fractures. The bruising and swelling and pain with breathing are positive findings.