ATI LPN
Lewis's Medical Surgical Nursing in Canada, 5th Edition
Chapter 4 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with newly diagnosed breast cancer has a nursing diagnosis of deficient knowledge related to insufficient information (about breast cancer). When the nurse is planning teaching for the client, which is the most important initial learning goal?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adults learn best when given information that can be used immediately. The first action the client will need to take after a cancer diagnosis is to choose a treatment option. The other goals may be appropriate as treatment progresses.
Question 2 of 5
After the nurse implements diet instruction for a client with heart disease, the client can explain the information but fails to make the recommended dietary changes. Which of the following statements reflects the correct evaluation of the intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Although the client's behaviour has not changed, the client's ability to explain the information indicates that learning has occurred and the client is choosing at this time to continue with the previous diet. The client may be in the contemplation or preparation state in the Transtheoretical Model. The nurse should reinforce the need for change and continue to provide information and assistance with planning for change.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for an adult client who has been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus after being admitted to the hospital with an infected foot wound. When applying principles of adult learning, which teaching strategy by the nurse is most likely to be effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Principles of adult education indicate that readiness and motivation to learn are high when facing new tasks (such as wound care) and when demonstration and practice of skills are available. Although a home health referral may be needed for this client, teaching should not be postponed until discharge. Adult learners are independent; the nurse should act as a facilitator for learning, rather than as the expert. Adults learn best when the topic is of immediate usefulness, long-term goals may not be very motivating.
Question 4 of 5
A client admitted to the hospital with hyperglycemia and newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus is scheduled for discharge the second day after admission. When implementing client teaching, which is the best action for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When time is limited, the nurse should focus on the priorities of teaching. In this situation, the client should know how to test blood glucose and administer medications to control glucose levels. The client will need further teaching about the role of diet, exercise, various medications, and the many potential complications of diabetes, but these topics can be addressed through planning for appropriate referrals.
Question 5 of 5
When using the Transtheoretical Model of Health Behaviour Change during client teaching, the nurse identifies that the client who states, 'I told my wife that I was going to start exercising, and I think I will join a fitness club,' is in which of the following stages?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The client's statement indicating that the plan for change is being shared with someone else indicates that the preparation stage has been achieved. Contemplation of a change would be indicated by a statement like 'I know I should exercise.' Maintenance of a change occurs when the client practises the behaviour regularly. Termination would be indicated when the change is a permanent part of the lifestyle.