ATI LPN
Lewis's Medical Surgical Nursing in Canada, 5th Edition
Chapter 36 Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with hyperlipidemia who has a new prescription for colestipol. Which of the following nursing actions is best when giving the medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The bile acid sequestrants interfere with the absorption of other drugs, and giving other medications at the same time should be avoided. Taking an aspirin concurrently with the colestipol may increase the incidence of gastrointestinal adverse effects such as heartburn. An increased fluid intake is encouraged for patients taking the bile acid sequestrants to reduce the risk for constipation. For maximum effect, colestipol should be administered with meals.
Question 2 of 5
Three days after a myocardial infarction (MI), the patient develops chest pain that increases when taking a deep breath and is relieved by leaning forward. Which of the following actions should the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient's symptoms are consistent with the development of pericarditis, a possible complication of MI. The other assessments listed are not consistent with the description of the patient's symptoms.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is providing teaching to a patient about the use of atenolol in preventing anginal episodes. Which of the following patient statements indicate that the teaching has been effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Patients who have been taking β-blockers can develop intense and frequent angina if the medication is suddenly discontinued. Atenolol decreases myocardial contractility. Shortness of breath that occurs when taking β-blockers for angina may be due to bronchospasm and should be reported to the health care provider. Atenolol works by decreasing myocardial oxygen demand, not by increasing blood flow to the coronary arteries.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following electrocardiogram (ECG) changes is most important for the nurse to communicate to the health care provider when caring for a patient with chest pain?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The patient is likely to be experiencing an ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and immediate therapy with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or fibrinolytic medications is indicated to minimize the amount of myocardial damage. The other ECG changes also may suggest a need for therapy, but not as rapidly.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following information collected by the nurse who is admitting a patient with chest pain suggests that the pain is caused by an acute myocardial infarction?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chest pain that lasts for 20 minutes or more is characteristic of an acute myocardial infarction. Changes in pain that occur with raising the arms or with deep breathing are more typical of pericarditis or musculoskeletal pain. Stable angina is usually relieved when the patient takes nitroglycerin.