ATI LPN
Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing 14e (Hinkle 2017)
Chapter 8 : Overview of Genetics and Genomics in Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
What will the nurse understand about the childrens possibility of inheriting the gene for the disease?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Huntington disease is an autosomal dominant disorder. Autosomal dominant inherited conditions affect female and male family members equally and follow a vertical pattern of inheritance in families. A person who has an autosomal dominant inherited condition carries a gene mutation for that condition on one chromosome pair. Each of that persons offspring has a 50% chance of inheriting the gene mutation for the condition and a 50% chance of inheriting the normal version of the gene.
Question 2 of 5
What is important for the nurse to explain to the couple?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Retinoblastoma is an autosomal dominant inheritance that has incomplete penetrance, and the gene appears to skip a generation, thus leading to errors in interpreting family history and in genetic counseling. Autosomal recessive conditions have a pattern that is more horizontal than vertical; relatives of a single generation tend to have the condition. X-linked conditions may be inherited in recessive or dominant patterns, but retinoblastoma is not X-linked.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse should recognize that this patients health status may be the result of what phenomenon?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Many birth defects and common health conditions, such as heart disease, high blood pressure, cancer, osteoarthritis, and diabetes, occur as a result of interactions of multiple gene mutations and environmental influences. Thus, they are called multifactorial or complex conditions. X-linked, autosomal recessive, and autosomal dominant conditions are caused by single gene mutations, not multiple gene interactions.
Question 4 of 5
Based on this patients history, what recommendation should the nurse make at the present time?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: At the present time, the nurse should inform the woman about chromosome studies. Chromosome studies may be needed at any age, depending on the indication. Two common indications are a suspected diagnosis, such as Down syndrome, and a history of two or more unexplained pregnancy losses, which the woman has described. Instructing her to continue trying to get pregnant is redundant, and amniocentesis is a future consideration, not an immediate recommendation.
Question 5 of 5
What is the nurses best rationale for this?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The first aim of genetic testing is to improve management, that is, identify people with treatable genetic conditions that could prove dangerous to their health if left untreated. Genetic screening for PKU, congenital hypothyroidism, and galactosemia allows early intervention. It does not assess infectious disease rates or future cancer risk, and while mandatory, the rationale should focus on the health benefits, not just compliance.