ATI LPN
Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing 14e (Hinkle 2017)
Chapter 72 : Emergency Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient is brought by friends to the ED after being involved in a motor vehicle accident. The patient sustained blunt trauma to the abdomen. What nursing action would be most appropriate for this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Immobilization on a backboard is necessary until spinal injury is ruled out in blunt trauma. Ambulation, Fowler's, or lateral positions risk worsening undiagnosed spinal injuries.
Question 2 of 5
A backcountry skier has been airlifted to the ED after becoming lost and developing hypothermia and frostbite. How should the nurse best manage the patient's frostbite?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Immersion in 37-40°C water safely rewarms frostbitten extremities. Hotter water risks burns, and massage or exercises cause further tissue damage.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with a fractured femur presenting to the ED exhibits cool, moist skin, increased heart rate, and falling BP. The care team should consider the possibility of what complication of the patient's injuries?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cool, moist skin, tachycardia, and hypotension suggest hemorrhage, a common complication of femur fractures due to significant blood loss. MI, hypoglycemia, and peritonitis are less likely.
Question 4 of 5
A patient who has been diagnosed with cholecystitis is being discharged home from the ED to be scheduled for surgery later. The patient received morphine during the present ED admission and is visibly drowsy. When providing health education to the patient, what would be the most appropriate nursing action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Verbal and written instructions to both the patient and family ensure comprehension despite drowsiness. Written instructions alone or delayed calls risk misunderstanding.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is admitted to the ED complaining of abdominal pain. Further assessment of the abdomen reveals signs of peritoneal irritation. What assessment findings would corroborate this diagnosis? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Rebound tenderness, altered bowel sounds, and muscular rigidity indicate peritoneal irritation. Ascites and diarrhea are not specific to this condition.