ATI LPN
Test Bank for Medical Surgical Nursing: Concepts for Interprofessional Collaborative Care 10th Edition
Chapter 70 : Care of Patients with Breast Disorders Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is placed on a medical regimen of doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan), and another agent for breast cancer. What effect seen in the client should the nurse report to the provider immediately?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) can cause cardiac problems, with symptoms like shortness of breath indicating potential cardiotoxicity, which requires immediate reporting. Hair loss, mucositis, and vomiting are common chemotherapy side effects but are not immediately life-threatening.
Question 2 of 5
A client is concerned about the risk of lymphedema after a mastectomy. Which response by the nurse is best?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Infection can contribute to lymphedema, so wearing gloves during activities like gardening reduces this risk. Radiation is only one factor; others like obesity and axillary disease also contribute. Lymphedema symptoms are not common post-surgery, and while it is a concern, it is manageable with proper care.
Question 3 of 5
A woman diagnosed with breast cancer had these laboratory tests performed at an office visit. Which test results indicate to the nurse that some further diagnoses are needed?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The alkaline phosphatase (normal 30 to 120 U/L) and total calcium (normal 9 to 10.5 mg/dL) levels are elevated (125 U/L and 12 mg/dL, respectively), suggesting bone metastasis. Hematocrit (19%) and hemoglobin (14 g/dL) are within normal limits for females, ruling out anemia or dehydration.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is taking a history of a 68-year-old woman. What assessment findings would indicate a high risk for the development of breast cancer? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: Breast cancer risk factors include age greater than 65 (risk increases until age 80), increased breast density (elevated risk potential due to more glandular and connective tissue), and inherited mutations of BRCA1/BRCA2 genes. Osteoporosis and multiparity are not risk factors; high postmenopausal bone density and multiparity are moderate and low risk factors, respectively.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is formulating a teaching plan according to evidence-based breast cancer screening guidelines for a 50-year-old woman with low risk factors. Which diagnostic methods should be included in the plan? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: Guidelines recommend annual mammograms for women aged 40 and older, breast self-awareness, and clinical breast examinations for low-risk women. MRI is recommended for high-risk cases, and breast ultrasound is used for follow-up if abnormalities or dense breast tissue are found.