ATI LPN
Test Bank for Medical Surgical Nursing: Concepts for Interprofessional Collaborative Care 10th Edition
Chapter 68 : Care of Patients with Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease Questions
Question 1 of 5
Dialysis works using the passive transfer of toxins by diffusion. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Dialysis works by diffusion, not osmosis. The client's statement about osmosis indicates a misunderstanding, as osmosis refers to water movement, whereas dialysis involves the movement of toxins and solutes across a semipermeable membrane from an area of higher to lower concentration.
Question 2 of 5
A client is having a peritoneal dialysis treatment. The nurse notes an opaque color to the effluent. What is the priority action by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An opaque or cloudy effluent is the first sign of peritonitis. A sample of the effluent would need to be sent to the laboratory for culture and sensitivity in order to administer the correct antibiotic. Warming the dialysate in a microwave and flushing the tubing are not safe actions by the nurse.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse reviews these laboratory values of a client who returned from kidney transplantation 12 hours ago. What is the priority assessment?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: By taking blood pressure, the nurse is assessing for hypotension that could compromise perfusion to the new kidney. The nurse then should notify the provider immediately. Skin turgor, lung sounds, and weight could give information about the fluid status of the client, but they are not the priority assessment.
Question 4 of 5
A client who returned from kidney transplantation 12 hours ago has low urine output, sediment, and hematuria. What should the nurse do?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The low urine output, sediment, and hematuria should be reported to the provider, as these could indicate complications such as rejection or obstruction in the newly transplanted kidney.
Question 5 of 5
In discharge teaching for a client post-kidney transplantation, which instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: In discharge teaching, the nurse must emphasize that the client needs to have an antibiotic prophylactically before cleared procedures to prevent infection. There may be a need for dose reduction in medications if the kidney is not excreting them properly (antacids with magnesium, antibiotics, antidiabetic drugs, insulin, opioids, and anticoagulants).