ATI LPN
Test Bank for Medical Surgical Nursing: Concepts for Interprofessional Collaborative Care 10th Edition
Chapter 67 : Care of Patients with Kidney Disorders Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse assesses a client with nephrotic syndrome. For which clinical manifestations should the nurse assess? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by proteinuria (>3.5 g/24 hr), hypoalbuminemia, and lipiduria due to glomerular damage. Dehydration is unlikely due to fluid overload, and dysuria and CVA tenderness are associated with infections like cystitis or pyelonephritis, not nephrotic syndrome.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse reviews laboratory results for a client with glomerulonephritis. The client's glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is 40 ml/min as measured by a 24-hour creatinine clearance. How should the nurse interpret this finding? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: A GFR of 40 ml/min is significantly reduced compared to the normal range of 100-120 ml/min, indicating impaired kidney function. This reduction increases the risk of fluid overload, leading to hypertension and pulmonary edema, rather than dehydration.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse assesses a client who is recovering from a nephrostomy. Which assessment findings should alert the nurse to urgently contact the health care provider? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Cloudy or foul-smelling drainage and urine leaking from the nephrostomy site suggest infection or obstruction, requiring urgent provider notification. Clear drainage is normal, and a headache is unrelated unless accompanied by other concerning symptoms.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse teaches a client with polycystic kidney disease (PKD). Which statements should the nurse include in this client's discharge teaching? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Clients with PKD should monitor blood pressure and weight daily to track hypertension and fluid status, and report visual disturbances, which may indicate a berry aneurysm. Adjusting diet to prevent constipation, not diarrhea, is appropriate, and renal stones are not a primary concern in PKD.
Question 5 of 5
An emergency department nurse cares for a client who is severely dehydrated and is prescribed 3 L of intravenous fluid over 6 hours. At what rate should the nurse set the intravenous pump to infuse the fluids? (Record your answer using a whole number.)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
To deliver 3 L (3000 ml) over 6 hours, the infusion rate is calculated as 3000 ml ÷ 6 hours = 500 ml/hr. This rate ensures the prescribed volume is administered within the specified time frame.