ATI LPN
Test Bank for Medical Surgical Nursing: Concepts for Interprofessional Collaborative Care 10th Edition
Chapter 65 : Assessment of the Renal/Urinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse reviews laboratory results for a client who was admitted for a myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock. Which laboratory result indicates the client may have acute kidney injury?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Normal creatinine levels are 0.6"?1.2 mg/dL (males) or 0.5"?1.1 mg/dL (females). A creatinine level of 2.3 mg/dL is elevated, indicating possible acute kidney injury, especially in the context of cardiogenic shock, which can reduce renal perfusion. A BUN of 52 mg/dL is also elevated but less specific, as BUN can be affected by non-renal factors.
Question 2 of 5
Which condition would cause the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ADH increases tubular permeability to water, leading to absorption of more water into the capillaries. ADH is triggered by a rising extracellular fluid osmolarity, as occurs in dehydration. Pneumonia, renal failure, and edema would not directly trigger the release of ADH.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse reviews a female clients laboratory results. Which results from the clients urinalysis should the nurse recognize as abnormal?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ketone bodies are by-products of incomplete metabolism of fatty acids and are not normally present in urine. Their presence indicates abnormal metabolism, such as in diabetes or starvation. A pH between 4.6 and 8.0, specific gravity between 1.005 and 1.030, and clear yellow urine are normal findings.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse reviews the allergy list of a client who is scheduled for an intravenous urography. Which client allergy should alert the nurse to urgently contact the health care provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Seafood allergies are often associated with iodine sensitivity, which is critical because intravenous urography uses iodine-based contrast media. This allergy increases the risk of a severe reaction, requiring urgent consultation with the provider. Penicillin, bee sting, or red food dye allergies are less relevant to the procedure.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse cares for a client with diabetes mellitus who is prescribed metformin and is scheduled for an intravenous urography. Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metformin should be held for 48 hours prior to procedures involving iodinated contrast, like intravenous urography, due to the risk of lactic acidosis if renal function is impaired by the contrast dye. Keeping the client NPO, checking blood glucose, or administering IV fluids are not the priority actions.