ATI LPN
Test Bank for Medical Surgical Nursing: Concepts for Interprofessional Collaborative Care 10th Edition
Chapter 64 : Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Questions
Question 1 of 5
After teaching a young adult client who is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus, the nurse assesses the client's understanding. Which statement made by the client indicates a correct understanding of the need for eye examinations?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of blindness in North America. All clients with diabetes, regardless of age, should be examined by an ophthalmologist at diagnosis and at least yearly thereafter to monitor for retinopathy.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse assesses a client who has a 15-year history of diabetes and notes decreased tactile sensation in both feet. Which action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Diabetic neuropathy is common in long-standing diabetes, increasing the risk of injury in areas with decreased sensation, such as the feet. Examining the feet for signs of injury is the priority to prevent complications like infections or ulcers. Documentation, assessing hand sensation, and notifying the provider should follow after the initial assessment.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse cares for a client who has a family history of diabetes mellitus. The client states, 'My father has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Will I develop this disease as well?' How should the nurse respond?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Risk for type 1 diabetes is influenced by inheritance of genes coding for HLA-DR and HLA-DQ tissue types. Having a parent with type 1 diabetes increases the risk, but environmental factors also play a role, so not everyone with these genes develops diabetes. The other statements are inaccurate.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse teaches a client who is diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Which statement should the nurse include in this client's plan of care to delay the onset of microvascular and macrovascular complications?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hyperglycemia is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of long-term diabetic complications. Maintaining tight glycemic control helps delay the onset of microvascular and macrovascular complications. Fluid restriction, preventing hypoglycemia, and limiting protein are not the primary strategies for this goal.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse assesses clients who are at risk for diabetes mellitus. Which client is at greatest risk?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Diabetes is more prevalent among African Americans, Hispanics, and American Indians, with risk increasing with age. A 48-year-old American Indian is at the highest risk due to both ethnic predisposition and age.