ATI LPN
Test Bank for Medical Surgical Nursing: Concepts for Interprofessional Collaborative Care 10th Edition
Chapter 64 : Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Questions
Question 1 of 5
After teaching a client who is recovering from pancreas transplantation, the nurse assesses the client's understanding. Which statement made by the client indicates a need for additional education?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Stopping corticosteroids during an infection without consulting the transplant physician can endanger the graft. The other statements are correct, as pain may indicate rejection, avoiding infections is crucial, and adherence to cyclosporine is essential.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse assesses a client with diabetes mellitus 3 hours after a surgical procedure and notes the client's breath has a fruity odor. Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A fruity breath odor is a sign of ketoacidosis, common post-surgery due to stress-induced insulin suppression. Consulting the provider to test for ketoacidosis is the priority. Spirometry, increasing fluids, or pulmonary hygiene do not address this issue.
Question 3 of 5
A preoperative nurse assesses a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus prior to a surgical procedure. The client's blood glucose level is 160 mg/dL. Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A blood glucose of 160 mg/dL is within the acceptable range (140"?180 mg/dL) for perioperative management in type 1 diabetes, supporting better outcomes. The nurse should document the finding and proceed. Insulin, cancellation, or blood gases are not indicated.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse teaches a client with diabetes mellitus who is experiencing numbness and reduced sensation. Which statement should the nurse include in this client's teaching to prevent injury?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Clients with reduced sensation are at risk for burns from hot bathwater. Using a thermometer to check water temperature prevents injury. Daily foot checks, site rotation, and glucose monitoring are important but do not directly prevent burns.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse develops a dietary plan for a client with diabetes mellitus and new-onset microalbuminuria. Which component of the client's diet should the nurse decrease?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Restricting dietary protein to 0.8 g/kg/day is recommended for clients with microalbuminuria to slow progression to renal failure. Carbohydrates, fats, or total calories do not need specific reduction in this context.