ATI LPN
Test Bank for Medical Surgical Nursing: Concepts for Interprofessional Collaborative Care 10th Edition
Chapter 64 : Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse teaches a client who is diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Which statement should the nurse include in this client's plan of care to delay the onset of microvascular and macrovascular complications?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hyperglycemia is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of long-term diabetic complications. Maintaining tight glycemic control helps delay the onset of microvascular and macrovascular complications. Fluid restriction, preventing hypoglycemia, and limiting protein are not the primary strategies for this goal.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse assesses clients who are at risk for diabetes mellitus. Which client is at greatest risk?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Diabetes is more prevalent among African Americans, Hispanics, and American Indians, with risk increasing with age. A 48-year-old American Indian is at the highest risk due to both ethnic predisposition and age.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse teaches a client about self-monitoring of blood glucose levels. Which statement should the nurse include in this client's teaching to prevent bloodborne infections?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sharing monitoring equipment can transmit bloodborne infections like hepatitis B, which can survive in dried blood. Not sharing equipment is critical. Washing hands before testing, not after, is recommended. Wiping blood with a cotton ball or using gloves is not standard practice for preventing infections.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse cares for a client who is prescribed pioglitazone (Actos). After 6 months of therapy, the client reports that his urine has become darker since starting the medication. Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Thiazolidinediones like pioglitazone can affect liver function. Dark urine may indicate liver impairment due to increased bilirubin. Reviewing liver function studies is the priority. Assessing for urinary symptoms, increasing water intake, or testing for occult blood are not directly related to this issue.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse cares for a client with diabetes mellitus who asks, 'Why do I need to administer more than one injection of insulin each day?' How should the nurse respond?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Multiple insulin injections are needed to match insulin levels with food intake and activity patterns, preventing wide blood glucose fluctuations. Proficiency in injection, carbohydrate restriction, or absorption issues are not the primary reasons for multiple doses.