ATI LPN
Test Bank for Medical Surgical Nursing: Concepts for Interprofessional Collaborative Care 10th Edition
Chapter 64 : Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse assesses a client who is being treated for hyperglycemic-hyperosmolar state (HHS). Which clinical manifestation indicates to the nurse that the therapy needs to be adjusted?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An unchanged Glasgow Coma Scale score indicates no improvement in consciousness, suggesting inadequate fluid replacement in HHS. Increased potassium, decreased osmolarity, and negative ketones are expected or not indicative of treatment failure.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse cares for a client who has diabetes mellitus. The nurse administers 6 units of regular insulin and 10 units of NPH insulin at 0700. At which time should the nurse assess the client for potential problems related to the NPH insulin?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: NPH insulin peaks 4"?12 hours after administration (0700), so 1600 is within the peak time for potential hypoglycemia. 0800 is too early, and 2000/2300 are too late.
Question 3 of 5
After teaching a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the nurse assesses the client's understanding. Which statement made by the client indicates a need for additional teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Clients with type 2 diabetes need annual checkups to monitor for complications, regardless of control method. The other statements are accurate regarding complication risks and potential insulin needs.
Question 4 of 5
When teaching a client recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus, the client states, 'I will never be able to stick myself with a needle.' How should the nurse respond?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Exploring the client's concerns about injections promotes understanding and tailored education, supporting self-care. Offering to give injections, minimizing concerns, or warning about poor management are less effective.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse assesses a client with diabetes mellitus who self-administers subcutaneous insulin. The nurse notes a spongy, swelling area at the site the client uses most frequently for insulin injection. Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The spongy, swollen area suggests lipohypertrophy from repeated injections at the same site. Rotating injection sites prevents this complication. Ice, a new route, or assessing for cellulitis are not appropriate for lipohypertrophy.