ATI LPN
Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing 14e (Hinkle 2017)
Chapter 71 : Management of Patients With Infectious Diseases Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who was admitted to the pediatric unit with infectious diarrhea. The nurse should be alert to what assessment finding as an indicator of dehydration?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Weak pulse is a key sign of dehydration in children, along with thirst, dry mucous membranes, and poor skin turgor. Labile BP, fever, and diaphoresis are not specific to dehydration.
Question 2 of 5
A nursing home patient has been diagnosed with Clostridium difficile. What type of precautions should the nurse implement to prevent the spread of this infectious disease to other residents?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clostridium difficile spreads via skin-to-skin contact or contaminated surfaces, requiring contact precautions. Droplet and airborne precautions are for respiratory pathogens, and positive pressure isolation is not applicable.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse who provides care in a busy ED is in contact with hundreds of patients each year. The nurse has a responsibility to receive what vaccine?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hepatitis B vaccine is essential for healthcare workers due to exposure risk to bloodborne pathogens. HPV is sexually transmitted, and no vaccines exist for C. difficile or S. aureus.
Question 4 of 5
When a disease infects a host a portal of entry is needed for an organism to gain access. What has been identified as the portal of entry for tuberculosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tuberculosis is transmitted via inhalation of airborne droplets, making the respiratory system the primary portal of entry.
Question 5 of 5
A patient has a concentration of S. aureus located on his skin. The patient is not showing signs of increased temperature, redness, or pain at the site. The nurse is aware that this is a sign of a microorganism at which of the following stages?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Colonization indicates the presence of microorganisms without host symptoms or immune response. Infection, disease, and bacteremia involve symptomatic host interactions.