ATI LPN
Test Bank for Medical Surgical Nursing: Concepts for Interprofessional Collaborative Care 10th Edition
Chapter 52 : Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse knows that a client with prolonged prothrombin time (PT) values (not related to medication) probably has dysfunction in which organ?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Severe acute or chronic liver damage leads to a prolonged PT secondary to impaired synthesis of clotting factors. The other organs are not directly related to this issue.
Question 2 of 5
A client is recovering from an esophagealgroduoesoscopy (EGD) and requests something to drink. What action by the nurse is best?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The local anesthetic used during an EGD can impair the gag reflex. The nurse should assess the client's gag reflex to ensure it is intact before allowing fluids to prevent aspiration. Providing water, reminding the client to remain NPO, or waiting two hours are not appropriate until the gag reflex is confirmed.
Question 3 of 5
The options for colon cancer screening for people over the age of 50 include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Colonoscopy every 10 years, CT colonography, double-contrast barium enema, and flexible sigmoidoscopy every 5 years are standard options for colon cancer screening in people over 50. Fecal occult blood test annually is also a screening option, but it was not listed in the original document and is included here for completeness.
Question 4 of 5
A client had an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The nurse instructs the client and family about the signs of potential complications, which include what problems? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: Possible complications after an ERCP include cholangitis, pancreatitis, perforation, sepsis, and bleeding. Kidney stones are not a complication of ERCP.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse working with older clients understands age-related changes in the gastrointestinal system. Which changes does this include? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Several age-related changes occur in the gastrointestinal system. These include decreased hydrochloric acid production, diminished nerve function that leads to decreased sensation of the need to pass stool, decreased fat digestion, decreased peristalsis in the large intestine, and calcification of pancreatic vessels. Increased peristalsis is not an age-related change.