ATI LPN
Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing 14e (Hinkle 2017)
Chapter 69 : Management of Patients with Neurologic Infections, Autoimmune Disorders, and Neuropathies Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is developing a plan of care for a patient with Guillain-Barr?© syndrome. Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Incentive spirometry maximizes respiratory function, critical in Guillain-Barr?© due to potential respiratory muscle weakness. Bed rest increases complications, and vision or cognition are not typically affected.
Question 2 of 5
A 69-year-old patient is brought to the ED by ambulance because a family member found him lying on the floor disoriented and lethargic. The physician suspects bacterial meningitis and admits the patient to the ICU. The nurse knows that risk factors for an unfavorable outcome include what? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Older age, tachycardia (>120 bpm), and low Glasgow Coma Scale score indicate severe meningitis and worse outcomes. Hypertension and lack of immunizations are not directly linked to prognosis.
Question 3 of 5
The critical care nurse is caring for a 25-year-old man admitted to the ICU with a brain abscess. What is a priority nursing responsibility in the care of this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Close neurologic monitoring is critical for brain abscess patients to detect changes like increased intracranial pressure. Independence, education, and mobility are secondary in acute care.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is being admitted through the ED with suspected herpes simplex virus encephalitis. What nursing action best addresses the patient's complaints of headache?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dimming lights and reducing stimulation alleviate headache in herpes simplex virus encephalitis by minimizing sensory overload. Opioids may mask neurologic symptoms, and distraction is ineffective.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is admitted through the ED with suspected St. Louis encephalitis. The unique clinical feature of St. Louis encephalitis will make what nursing action a priority?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: St. Louis encephalitis is associated with SIADH, causing hyponatremia, so monitoring fluid balance is critical. Hemoglobin, glucose, and dermatomal pain are not specific to this condition.