ATI LPN
Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing 14e (Hinkle 2017)
Chapter 69 : Management of Patients with Neurologic Infections, Autoimmune Disorders, and Neuropathies Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with multiple sclerosis (MS). The patient tells the nurse the hardest thing to deal with is the fatigue. When teaching the patient how to reduce fatigue, what action should the nurse suggest?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Resting in a cool, air-conditioned environment reduces body temperature, which can alleviate MS-related fatigue. Hot baths exacerbate fatigue, muscle relaxants may worsen it, and naps are beneficial.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with Guillain-Barr?© syndrome has experienced a sharp decline in vital capacity. What is the nurse's most appropriate action?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A sharp decline in vital capacity in Guillain-Barr?© syndrome indicates respiratory muscle weakness, necessitating preparation for intubation to ensure adequate oxygenation. Bronchodilators and oxygen are insufficient, and breathing exercises may be impossible.
Question 3 of 5
A patient diagnosed with Bell's palsy is being cared for on an outpatient basis. During health education, the nurse should promote which of the following actions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bell's palsy can impair eye closure, risking corneal damage, so a protective eye shield at night is essential. Chewing on the affected side is difficult, analgesics may be needed, and oral hygiene should continue.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is working with a patient who is newly diagnosed with MS. What basic information should the nurse provide to the patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: MS is a chronic, progressive demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. It affects women more than men, has a gradual onset, and is not caused by bacterial infection.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is creating a plan of care for a patient who has a recent diagnosis of MS. Which of the following should the nurse include in the patient's care plan?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Daily muscle stretching helps manage spasticity in MS. Voiding every 30 minutes after drinking, high-fiber diets, and encouraging independence in ADLs are more appropriate.