ATI LPN
Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing 14e (Hinkle 2017)
Chapter 69 : Management of Patients with Neurologic Infections, Autoimmune Disorders, and Neuropathies Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who is hospitalized with an exacerbation of MS. To ensure the patient's safety, what nursing action should be performed?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: MS exacerbations increase aspiration risk due to dysphagia, so suction apparatus at the bedside is critical for safety. Bed rest should be minimized, and padding or small meals are not priority.
Question 2 of 5
A 33-year-old patient presents at the clinic with complaints of weakness, incoordination, dizziness, and loss of balance. The patient is hospitalized and diagnosed with MS. What sign or symptom, revealed during the initial assessment, is typical of MS?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Blurred vision (optic neuritis), intention tremor, and urinary hesitancy are typical MS symptoms due to demyelination. Deep tendon reflexes are hyperactive, Babinski's is positive, and abdominal reflexes are absent in MS.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is developing a plan of care for a patient with Guillain-Barr?© syndrome. Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Incentive spirometry maximizes respiratory function, critical in Guillain-Barr?© due to potential respiratory muscle weakness. Bed rest increases complications, and vision or cognition are not typically affected.
Question 4 of 5
A 69-year-old patient is brought to the ED by ambulance because a family member found him lying on the floor disoriented and lethargic. The physician suspects bacterial meningitis and admits the patient to the ICU. The nurse knows that risk factors for an unfavorable outcome include what? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Older age, tachycardia (>120 bpm), and low Glasgow Coma Scale score indicate severe meningitis and worse outcomes. Hypertension and lack of immunizations are not directly linked to prognosis.
Question 5 of 5
The critical care nurse is caring for a 25-year-old man admitted to the ICU with a brain abscess. What is a priority nursing responsibility in the care of this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Close neurologic monitoring is critical for brain abscess patients to detect changes like increased intracranial pressure. Independence, education, and mobility are secondary in acute care.