ATI LPN
Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing 14e (Hinkle 2017)
Chapter 65 : Assessment of Neurologic Function Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse has admitted a new patient to the unit. One of the patients admitting orders is for an adrenergic medication. The nurse knows that this medication will have what effect on the circulatory system?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Adrenergic medications stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, increasing heart rate and force. Thin saliva and decreased BP are parasympathetic effects, while bronchodilation, not constriction, occurs.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing reflexes in a patient with hyperactive reflexes. When the patients foot is abruptly dorsiflexed, it continues to beat two to three times before settling into a resting position. How would the nurse document this finding?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clonus is characterized by rhythmic muscle contractions, such as foot beating after dorsiflexion, indicating hyperactive reflexes. Rigidity is increased muscle tone, flaccidity is lack of tone, and ataxia is uncoordinated movement.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is doing an initial assessment on a patient newly admitted to the unit with a diagnosis of cerebrovascular accident (CVA). The patient has difficulty copying a figure that the nurse has drawn and is diagnosed with visual-receptive aphasia. What brain region is primarily involved in this deficit?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Visual-receptive aphasia, involving difficulty copying figures, is linked to the parietal-occipital area, which integrates visual and spatial processing. Temporal lobe damage affects auditory comprehension, and frontal areas impact expressive speech.
Question 4 of 5
What term is used to describe the fibrous connective tissue that hugs the brain closely and extends into every fold of the brains surface?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The pia mater is the innermost meningeal layer, closely adhering to the brain's surface and following its contours. Dura mater is the outermost layer, arachnoid is the middle layer, and fascia is not a meningeal structure.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with an upper motor neuron lesion. What clinical manifestations should the nurse anticipate when planning the patients neurologic assessment?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Upper motor neuron lesions cause spasticity and loss of voluntary movement control due to disrupted corticospinal signals. Decreased tone, flaccid paralysis, and slow reflexes are typical of lower motor neuron lesions.