ATI LPN
Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing 14e (Hinkle 2017)
Chapter 62 : Managements of Patients with Burn Injury Questions
Question 1 of 5
An emergency department nurse has just received a patient with burn injuries brought in by ambulance. The paramedics have started a large-bore IV and covered the burn in cool towels. The burn is estimated as covering 24% of the patients body. How should the nurse best address the pathophysiologic changes resulting from major burns during the initial burn-shock period?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: IV fluid administration is critical to address massive fluid losses and prevent hypovolemic shock in the initial burn-shock period. Antibiotics, potassium, or PRBCs are not immediate priorities.
Question 2 of 5
A patients burns are estimated at 36% of total body surface area; fluid resuscitation has been ordered in the emergency department. After establishing intravenous access, the nurse should anticipate the administration of what fluid?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lactated Ringers is the preferred fluid for burn resuscitation, closely matching plasma osmolality and avoiding hyperchloremic acidosis associated with normal saline. Potassium-containing fluids risk worsening hyperkalemia.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is admitted to the burn unit after being transported from a facility 1000 miles away. The patient has burns to the groin area and circumferential burns to both upper thighs. When assessing the patients legs distal to the wound site, the nurse should be cognizant of the risk of what complication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Circumferential burns can cause edema, compressing blood vessels and leading to distal ischemia, similar to compartment syndrome. Referred pain, cellulitis, or VTE are less immediate concerns.
Question 4 of 5
A patient experienced a 33% TBSA burn 72 hours ago. The nurse observes that the patients hourly urine output has been steadily increasing over the past 24 hours. How should the nurse best respond to this finding?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increased urine output 72 hours post-burn indicates the onset of diuresis as capillaries regain integrity, shifting fluid back to the intravascular space. This is expected, not indicative of AKI or requiring fluid reduction or sodium administration.
Question 5 of 5
A public health nurse has reviewed local data about the incidence and prevalence of burn injuries in the community. These data are likely to support what health promotion effort?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Most burns occur at home, making home safety education (e.g., scald prevention, fire safety) the most relevant health promotion effort based on epidemiological data.