ATI LPN
Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing 14e (Hinkle 2017)
Chapter 62 : Managements of Patients with Burn Injury Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient is brought to the emergency department from the site of a chemical fire, where he suffered a burn that involves the epidermis, dermis, and the muscle and bone of the right arm. On inspection, the skin appears charred. Based on these assessment findings, what is the depth of the burn on the patients arm?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A full-thickness burn extends through the epidermis, dermis, and into underlying tissues like muscle or bone, appearing charred and painless due to nerve destruction. Superficial partial-thickness affects the epidermis, deep partial-thickness involves the deeper dermis, and full partial-thickness is not a recognized term.
Question 2 of 5
The current phase of a patients treatment for a burn injury prioritizes wound care, nutritional support, and prevention of complications such as infection. Based on these care priorities, the patient is in what phase of burn care?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The acute phase, starting 48-72 hours post-burn, focuses on wound care, infection prevention, and nutritional support. The emergent phase prioritizes fluid resuscitation and airway management, immediate resuscitative is not a distinct phase, and rehabilitation focuses on scar prevention and psychosocial support.
Question 3 of 5
A patient in the emergent/resuscitative phase of a burn injury has had blood work and arterial blood gases drawn. Upon analysis of the patients laboratory studies, the nurse will expect the results to indicate what?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the emergent phase, cell damage releases potassium (hyperkalemia), sodium is lost to edema (hyponatremia), hemoconcentration increases hematocrit, and tissue hypoxia causes metabolic acidosis. Other combinations do not align with burn pathophysiology.
Question 4 of 5
A patient has experienced an electrical burn and has developed thick eschar over the burn site. Which of the following topical antibacterial agents will the nurse expect the physician to order for the wound?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mafenide acetate penetrates thick eschar, making it ideal for electrical burns with deep tissue involvement. Silver sulfadiazine and silver nitrate do not penetrate eschar effectively, and Acticoat is a dressing, not a topical agent.
Question 5 of 5
An occupational health nurse is called to the floor of a factory where a worker has sustained a flash burn to the right arm. The nurse arrives and the flames have been extinguished. The next step is to cool the burn. How should the nurse cool the burn?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cool towels or water applied intermittently relieve pain and limit tissue damage without causing hypothermia, which ice can induce. Oil-based substances like butter trap heat, worsening the burn.