ATI LPN
Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing 14e (Hinkle 2017)
Chapter 6 : Individual and Family Homeostasis, Stress, and Adaptation Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is an immediate physiologic response to stress the nurse would expect this patient to experience?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An initial response to stress, as seen by the fight-or-flight response, is an increase in the patients heart rate and blood pressure. Vasoconstriction leads to the increase in blood pressure. Blood glucose levels increase, supplying more readily available energy, and pupils dilate.
Question 2 of 5
You can expect that his sympathetic nervous system has stimulated his adrenal gland to release what?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the sympathetic-adrenal-medullary response to stress, the sympathetic nervous system stimulates the adrenal gland to release epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Question 3 of 5
What is the best outcome you can expect for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Stress management is directed toward reducing and controlling stress and improving coping. The outcome for this diagnosis is that the patient needs to adopt coping mechanisms that are effective for dealing with stress, such as relaxation techniques. The other options are incorrect because it is unrealistic to expect a patient to be stress free; avoiding stressful situations and starting an antianxiety agent are not the best answers as outcomes for ineffective coping.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following statements should underlie the nurses care planning for this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Transition can contribute to stress, even if the transition is a positive change. The third group of stressors has been studied most extensively and concerns relatively infrequent situations that directly affect people. This category includes the influence of life events such as death, birth, marriage, divorce, and retirement. Counseling is not necessarily indicated.
Question 5 of 5
What is an example of a bodily function that restores homeostasis by negative feedback when conditions shift out of normal range?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Negative feedback mechanisms throughout the body monitor the internal environment and restore homeostasis when conditions shift out of normal range. Body temperature, blood pressure, and acid-base balances are examples of functions regulated by these compensatory mechanisms. Blood clotting in the body involves positive feedback mechanisms. Pupil dilation and diuresis are not modulated by negative feedback mechanisms.