ATI LPN
Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing 14e (Hinkle 2017)
Chapter 6 : Individual and Family Homeostasis, Stress, and Adaptation Questions
Question 1 of 5
What should you encourage the patient to consider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Social networks can reduce stress by providing the individual with a positive social identity, emotional support, material aide, information, and new social contacts. Changes to diet and activity may be beneficial, but social interaction is known to be of particular benefit. Attendance at a wellness clinic may or may not be beneficial, and does not involve social interaction.
Question 2 of 5
What could the nurse do to help the patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Being a member of a group with similar problems or goals has a releasing effect on a person that promotes freedom of expression and exchange of ideas. Psychiatry may or may not be necessary. Spiritual assessment would necessarily precede any referral to a specific religious setting. Consciousness-raising groups are not known to be a common source of social support.
Question 3 of 5
What positive outcome of providing the patient with information should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Giving patients information also reduces the emotional response so that they can concentrate and solve problems more effectively. Educating the patient does not decrease depression levels or build interpersonal relationships. Educating the patient does not mean sharing of personal details.
Question 4 of 5
To what would you attribute this phenomenon?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Selye developed a theory of adaptation to biologic stress that he named the general adaptation syndrome (GAS), which has three phases: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. During the alarm phase, the sympathetic fight-or-flight response is activated with release of catecholamines and the onset of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) adrenal cortical response. The alarm reaction is defensive and anti-inflammatory but self-limited. Because living in a continuous state of alarm would result in death, people move into the second stage, resistance. During the resistance stage, adaptation to the noxious stressor occurs, and cortisol activity is still increased.
Question 5 of 5
You know that this fathers cognitive appraisal has led to what?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The appraisal process contributes to the development of an emotion. Negative emotions, such as fear and anger, accompany harm/loss appraisals, and positive emotions accompany challenge. Harm and challenge are not feelings, so the corresponding options are incorrect. There is nothing in the scenario that indicates that the father is making a positive adjustment to the possible loss of his children.