ATI LPN
Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing 14e (Hinkle 2017)
Chapter 53 : Assessment of Kidney and Urinary Function Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who is going to have an open renal biopsy. What would be an important nursing action in preparing this patient for the procedure?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Preparation for an open biopsy is similar to that for any major abdominal surgery. When preparing the patient for an open biopsy you would keep the patient NPO. You may discuss the diagnosis with the family, but that is not a preparation for the procedure. A pre-procedure wash is not normally ordered and antivirals are not administered in anticipation of a biopsy.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient scheduled for renal angiography following a motor vehicle accident. What patient preparation should the nurse most likely provide before this test?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Before the procedure, a laxative may be prescribed to evacuate the colon so that unobstructedx$-rays can be obtained. A 24-hour urine test is not necessary prior to the procedure. Gastrografin and potassium chloride are not administered prior to renal angiography.
Question 3 of 5
Diagnostic testing of an adult patient reveals renal glycosuria. The nurse should recognize the need for the patient to be assessed for what health problem?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Renal glycosuria can occur on its own as a benign condition. It also occurs in poorly controlled diabetes, the most common condition that causes the blood glucose level to exceed the kidneys reabsorption capacity. Glycosuria is not associated with SIADH, diabetes insipidus, or renal carcinoma.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with a diagnosis of respiratory acidosis is experiencing renal compensation. What function does the kidney perform to assist in restoring acidbase balance?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The kidney performs two major functions to assist in acidbase balance. The first is to reabsorb and return to the bodys circulation any bicarbonate from the urinary filtrate; the second is to excrete acid in the urine. Retaining bicarbonate will counteract an acidotic state. The nephrons do not sequester free hydrogen ions.
Question 5 of 5
A patients most recent laboratory findings indicate a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of58 \mathrm{~mL} / \mathrm{min}$. The nurse should recognize what implication of this diagnostic finding?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The adult GFR can vary from a normal of approximately125 \mathrm{~mL} / \mathrm{min}(1.67$ to2.0 \mathrm{~mL} / \mathrm{sec})$ to a high of200 \mathrm{~mL} / \mathrm{min}$. A low GFR is associated with increased levels of BUN, creatinine, and potassium.