ATI LPN
Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing 14e (Hinkle 2017)
Chapter 41 : Management of Patients With Musculoskeletal Disorders Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient's electronic health record notes that the patient has hallux valgus. What signs and symptoms would the nurse expect this patient to manifest?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A deformity in which the great toe deviates laterally and there is a marked prominence of the medial aspect of the first metatarsal-phalangeal joint and exostosis is referred to as hallux valgus (bunion). Hallux valgus does not result in abnormal flexion, abnormalities of the arch, or joint fusion.
Question 2 of 5
An older adult woman's current medication regimen includes alendronate (Fosamax). What outcome would indicate successful therapy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bisphosphonates such as Fosamax increase bone mass and decrease bone loss by inhibiting osteoclast function. These drugs do not treat infection, pain, or tumors.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient who is being treated in the hospital for a spontaneous vertebral fracture related to osteoporosis. The nurse should address the nursing diagnosis of Acute Pain Related to Fracture by implementing what intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Intermittent local heat and back rubs promote muscle relaxation following osteoporotic vertebral fractures. High Fowler's positioning is likely to exacerbate pain. The mattress must be adequately supportive, but pressure reduction is not necessarily required. Passive range of motion exercises to the back would cause pain and impair healing.
Question 4 of 5
A patient has been admitted to the hospital with a spontaneous vertebral fracture related to osteoporosis. Which of the following nursing diagnoses must be addressed in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Constipation is a problem related to immobility and medications used to treat vertebral fractures. The patient's risks of aspiration, dysphagia, and decreased cardiac output are not necessarily heightened.
Question 5 of 5
A nursing educator is reviewing the risk factors for osteoporosis with a group of recent graduates. What risk factor of the following should the educator describe?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Small-framed, nonobese Caucasian women are at greatest risk for osteoporosis. Diabetes, high protein intake, alcohol use, and infections are not among the most salient risk factors for osteoporosis.