ATI LPN
Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing 14e (Hinkle 2017)
Chapter 39 : Assessment of Musculoskeletal Function Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is taking a health history on a patient with musculoskeletal dysfunction. What is the primary focus of this phase of the nurse's assessment?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nursing assessment of the patient with musculoskeletal dysfunction includes an evaluation of the effects of the musculoskeletal disorder on the patient. This is a vital focus of the health history and supersedes the assessment of genetic risk factors and adherence to treatment, though these are both valid inclusions to the interview. Assessment of ROM occurs during the physical assessment, not the interview.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is scheduled for a bone scan to rule out osteosarcoma of the pelvic bones. What would be most important for the nurse to assess before the patient's scan?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Before the scan, the nurse asks the patient to empty the bladder, because a full bladder interferes with accurate scanning of the pelvic bones. Bowel cleansing and fasting are not indicated for a bone scan and an allergy to penicillins is not a contraindication.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is explaining a patient's decreasing bone density in terms of the balance between bone resorption and formation. What dietary nutrients and hormones play a role in the resorption and formation of adult bones?
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: The balance between bone resorption and formation is influenced by the following factors: physical activity; dietary intake of certain nutrients, especially calcium; and several hormones, including calcitriol (i.e., activated vitamin
D), parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin, thyroid hormone, cortisol, growth hormone, and the sex hormones estrogen and testosterone. Luteinizing hormone and vitamin B12 do not play a role in bone formation or resorption.
Question 4 of 5
Diagnostic tests show that a patient's bone density has decreased over the past several years. The patient asks the nurse what factors contribute to bone density decreasing. What would be the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nutrition has a profound effect on bone density, especially later life. Genetics are also an important factor, but nutrition has a more pronounced effect. The pathophysiology of bone density is well understood and psychosocial stress has a minimal effect.
Question 5 of 5
A bone biopsy has just been completed on a patient with suspected bone metastases. What assessment should the nurse prioritize in the immediate recovery period?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bone biopsy can be painful and the nurse should prioritize relevant assessments. Dehiscence is not a possibility, since the incision is not linear. Signs and symptoms of infection would not be evident in the immediate recovery period and hematoma formation is not a common complication.